Geography 442 Biogeography

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Presentation transcript:

Geography 442 Biogeography Dr. Christine M. Rodrigue

Shagbark hickory Carya ovata (large pores allow ice crystal damage < -40-45°C)

Northern red oak Quercus rubra (large pores, ice damage < - 49-45°C)

Quaking aspen Populus tremuloides (small pores, no ice damage)

Black mangove Avicennia germinans (limited by temperatures <20°C)

Saguaro Carnegiea gigantea

Saguaro Carnegiea gigantea

SaguaroCarnegiea gigantea (dots = weather stations never experiencing 36 hrs below freezing; X = stations that have)

Eastern phoebe Sayornis phoebe

Eastern phoebe: summer Sayornis phoebe (USGS Breeding Bird Survey) Multiple limits: timberline/permafrost, aridity, summer mean or max temperatures

Eastern phoebe: winter Sayornis phoebe (Christmas Bird Count) Small birds=high surface to volume=risk of not being able to eat enough of the much fewer bugs to survive < ~4°C)

Sugar maple Acer saccharum (limited by mean Jan < -18°C to N; mean Jul >27°C to S; < 50 cm precip in cooler N; <100 cm in warmer S)

Liebig's Law of the Minimum If several factors are essential to the survival and growth of a plant, the one in scarcest supply will be the limiting factor