The Sun Energy source Plants use energy from the Sun to make food

Air Matter Plants use carbon dioxide from air to make sugar Animals and plants use oxygen from air to release energy from food Soil bacteria take nitrogen out of the air and put it into the soil

Water Matter All living things contain water Plants use water to make food

Creosote Bush Plant Food- makes its own sugar with energy from the sun, carbon dioxide from the air, and water from the soil Other relationships- Pollinated by bees and butterflies. Provides nectar for pollination Shelter for grasshoppers

Soil Matter and Dead remains of living things Source of nitrogen, phosphorous, and minerals for plants Holds water that is used by plants

Soil bacteria Decomposer Food- All types of dead remains of living things Other relationships Take nitrogen from the air and make it useable for plants Recycles matter from living things back to the environment

Coyote Mammal Food- jackrabbit, roadrunner, ground squirrel, kangaroo rat, pocket mouse, fan palm fruit. Other relationships- Spreads seeds of fan palm in its scat

Jackrabbit Mammal Food- Cholla cactus, grasses

Indigo Bush Plant Food- makes its own sugar with energy from the sun, carbon dioxide from the air, and water from the soil Other relationships- Pollinated by hummingbirds and bees

Anna’s Hummingbird Bird Food- black flies, canterbury bells, indigo bush Pollinates canterbury bells, indigo bush

Cholla Cactus Plant Food- makes its own sugar with energy from the sun, carbon dioxide from the air, and water from the soil Other relationships- Provides shelter for cactus wren Pollinated by bees, butterflies, wasps, gives nectar for pollination Reproduces by budding when joints stick to mammals

Cactus Wren Bird Food- ants, blister beetles, wasps, flies, grasshoppers, yucca moth, butterflies, and bees Other relationships- Builds nests in cholla cactus

Solitary Bee Insect Food- Nectar and pollen from creosote bush, cat’s claw, brittlebush, popcorn flower

Canterbury Bells Plant Food- makes its own sugar with energy from the sun, carbon dioxide from the air, and water from the soil Other relationships Pollinated by hummingbirds Seeds spread by ants and by sticking to mammals fur

Whiptail lizard Reptile Food- Grasshoppers, butterflies, yucca moth, parasitic wasp, solitary bee

Phainlopepla Bird Food- grasshoppers, butterflies, yucca moth, parasitic wasp, black flies, mistletoe berries Other relationships- Spreads mistletoe seeds in its droppings

Mistletoe Parasitic plant Food- Steals sugar from Cat’s claw and creosote Other relationships- The phainopepla eats its berries and deposits the seeds on other plants in its droppings. The mistletoe’s roots grow into another plant. Gets water from host plants

Cat’s Claw Plant Food- makes its own sugar with energy from the sun, carbon dioxide from the air, and water from the soil Other relationships Pollinated by bees, butterflies, and wasps. Offers nectar to insects for pollination

Brittlebush Plant Food- makes its own sugar with energy from the sun, carbon dioxide from the air, and water from the soil Other relationships- Pollinated by bees, butterflies, and wasps. Gives nectar for pollination

Mojave Yucca Plant Food- makes its own sugar with energy from the sun, carbon dioxide from the air, and water from the soil Other relationships- Only pollinated by the yucca moth, gives nectar to moths for pollination

Roadrunner Bird Food- Blister beetles, lizards, snakes, kangaroo rat, pocket mouse, grasshoppers

Ants Insects/ Scavengers Food- dead things Other relationships- Spread seeds

Grasses Plant Food- makes its own sugar with energy from the sun, carbon dioxide from the air, and water from the soil Other relationships- Seeds carried by mammals on their fur, and by ants. Used by birds to make nests

Horned lizard Reptile Food- Ants

Yucca moth Insect Food- Mojave Yucca nectar Other relationships- The yucca moth is the only animal that can pollinate a yucca

Butterfly Insect Food- Nectar from creosote, brittle bush, evening primrose, cat’s claw Other relationships- Pollinator for creosote, brittle bush, evening primrose, cat’s claw

Mountain lion Mammal Food- Mule deer

Mule deer Mammals Food- grass

Pocket Mouse Mammal Food- seeds of creosote, canterbury bells, brittlebush, yucca, indigobush, blister beetles, grasshoppers, fan palm fruit Other relationships- Helps spread seeds

Kangaroo rat Mammal Food- seeds of creosote, canterbury bells, brittlebush, yucca, indigobush Other relationships- Helps spread seeds

Ground Squirrel Mammal Food- seeds of creosote, canterbury bells, brittlebush, yucca, indigobush, blister beetles, grasshoppers, fan palm fruit Other relationships- Helps spread seeds

Evening primrose Plant Food- makes its own sugar with energy from the sun, carbon dioxide from the air, and water from the soil Other relationships- Pollinated by bees, butterflies, and wasps Gives nectar for pollination

Red Tailed Hawk Bird Food- Snakes, pocket mouse, ground squirrel, jackrabbit, kangaroo rat

Rattlesnake Reptile Food- pocket mouse, ground squirrel, kangaroo rat, lizards, jackrabbit

Grasshopper Insect Food- grasses, indigobush, brittle bush, canterbury bells, evening primrose

King Snake Reptile Food- rattlesnake, pocket mouse, ground squirrel, kangaroo rat, lizards

Blister beetle Insect Food- Canterbury bells, evening primrose, indigo bush, grasses Other relationships- the larvae are parasites of solitary bees

Black Fly Insect Scavenger Food- dead animals, animal droppings

Parasitic wasp Insect Food- nectar from brittle bush, mojave yucca, creosote bush, cholla, evening primrose Other relationships- the larvae are parasites of spiders

Wolf Spider Spider Food- grasshoppers

Fan Palm Plant Food- makes its own sugar with energy from the sun, carbon dioxide from the air, and water from the soil Other relationships- Its seeds are spread by coyotes