Class 31: Astrobiology.

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Presentation transcript:

Class 31: Astrobiology

Class 31: Astrobiology Class Updates • Homework #5 due Wed. 4/30 • Final Review Wed. 4/30 - study guide, practice exam • Final Exam: Mon. May 5th @ 10am

Astrobiology

Life’s Sequence on Earth 3.75 Billion years ago 1.7 Billion years ago 4.5 Billion years ago 600 Million years ago 500 Million years ago 225 Million years ago

Life As We Know It

Conditions for Life (I) Liquid water

Conditions for Life (II) Carbon

Conditions for Life (III) Energy

Conditions for Life (IV) Stable Environment

Life on Mercury? Moon?

Life on Venus? Earth? Mars?

Life on the Gas Giants?

Life on Europa?

Life on Titan?

Life on Mars?

The Habitable Zone

Searching for Life: Biomarkers

The Drake Equation Nc = N* x fp x nLZ x fL x fI x Fs = # of communicative civilization in galaxy Pessimistic Estimate Optimistic Estimate N*= # stars in galaxy 2x1011 2x1011 fp = fraction of stars w/planets 0.01 0.5 nLZ = number of planets in habitable zone 0.01 1 fL = fraction of planets where life could begin 0.01 1 fI = fraction of life forms that evolve to intelligence 0.01 1 Fs = fraction of star’s life where life communicates 10-8 10-4 Nc = 2x10-5 10x106 • Pessimist: we are alone • Optimist: many civilizations

Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence SETI Institute Aricebo

SETI Projects nonprofit, $20M astronomy data - 2.3 million users, • Project Phoenix: primary search, nonprofit, $20M SETI Projects • SERENDIP: piggyback search of ordinary astronomy data Jill Tarter • seti@home: - 2.3 million users, - 1000 yrs computer time each day

SETI Telescopes Effelsberg Big Ear Haystack Square Kilometer Array Arecibo Square Kilometer Array

The hmmmm….. Factor

Life on Other Planets?

Challenge Question Suppose we find an extra solar planet whose distance from its star indicates that it could have liquid water and an energy source. What other conditions must be met for it to have the potential for life? a. A stable surface and a hydrogen atmosphere b. Plate tectonics and biogenic elements c. Carbon and a stable surface d. Plate tectonics and an oxygen atmosphere e. Plate tectonics and a magnetic field

Challenge Question Do you think life might exist beyond Earth? If there is life, will it be discovered in our lifetime? If life is discovered, do you think it could be intelligent?