Introduction to the Cell

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to the Cell Bio.1.1 Understanding the relationship between the structures and functions of cells and their organelles.

Discovery of the Cell Robert Hooke (1665) used compound light microscope to examine a cork The porous boxes he observed he named “cells” Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1673) – used simple light microscope to view living cells (microorganisms, blood, etc.)

Cell Theory Early 1800s – Cell theory = unified theory stating: All living things are composed of cells Cells are basic units of structure and function Cells come from existing cells

Evidence of Cell Theory Matthias Schleiden (1838) – confirms all plants made up of cells Theodor Schwann (1839) – confirms all animals made up of cells Rudolf Virchow (1855) – discovers cells only come from other cells

Microscopes Used to study cells by enlarging the image of an object Terms: Stage Objective Lens Nosepiece Eyepiece Stage clips Base Arm Course Adjustment Knob Fine Adjustment knob Condenser

Microscopes Compound Light Microscope (LM) – used to examine small organisms and cell 1500 x magnification Can observe nuclear division

Compound Light Microscope Computing the Power of Magnification: Standard ocular lens x objective lens Ocular lens = 10x magnification What is the total magnification of an organism viewed at 40 x objective lens?

Microscopes Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) – transmits beam of electrons 200,000 x magnification Can view more organelles Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) – bounces electrons off of object producing 3D image 100,000 x magnification

Microscopes Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) – views images at atomic level