Prehistoric Period and Georgia SS8H1: Evaluate the impact of European exploration and settlement on American Indians in Georgia. Describe the characteristics of American Indians living in Georgia at the time of European contact; to include culture, food, weapons/tools, and shelter

With a sheet of paper, make three columns under three Categories With a sheet of paper, make three columns under three Categories. Only fill in the first two columns from the left. What do you know about how Native Americans lived before Europeans arrived? (For example foods, shelter, tools, families) What would you like to know about how the Native Americans lived? What did you learn about how the Native Americans lived before the Europeans arrived in the New World?

EQ(s): Who were the first inhabitants of Georgia and how did they evolve? Why did the Europeans (Spanish and British) explore and settle in the southeastern part of North America? The student will evaluate the development of Native American Cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Did Native American culturev have a written language? If not, how do we know what we do about them?

SS8H1a Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact.

Evolution of Native American society Essential Question: What caused the early prehistoric societies to migrate, and once they stopped their nomadic existence, how did their society change?

Paleo Indian Culture

Paleo Indian Culture 12,000 to 8000 B.C. (BCE) Years 12,000 to 8000 B.C. (BCE) Social Groupings Nomadic, small groups (i.e. 25) Buried dead with artifacts Shelter/ Homes Caves, Animal Hides Weapons/ Tools Spears (Clovis points), Atlatl Food Bison, Mammoth, Giants Sloths

Archaic Indian Culture

Archaic Indian Culture Years 8000 to 1000 B.C. (BCE) (Late Archaic around 2500 B.C—pottery) Social Groupings Camps, Clans (100 to 200) Shelter/ Homes Crude shelters, stayed in one place longer Weapons/ Tools Atlatl and spear Drills, bones, needles, hooks Food Deer, rabbits, seafood, fish Wild berries, grains and fruit

Woodland Indian Culture

Woodland Era Indian Culture Years 1000 B.C. to 800 A.D. Social Groupings Tribes, villages with defense perimeters Shelters/ Homes Permanent domed huts with grass roofs, burial mounds Weapons/ Tools Bow and Arrow, axes, flint Pottery Foods Gardening of small plants, such as sunflowers, pumpkins, squash, etc. Small game

Mississippian Indian Culture

Mississippian Indian Culture Years 900 A.D. to 1600 A.D. Social Groupings Tribal councils in earth lodges, High Priest and/or chief lives on highest mound; Social classes and division of labor Shelters/ Homes Large Communities (2,000) with plaza in center and Temple (ceremonial) Mounds Homes same as Woodland period Weapons/ Tools Bow and Arrow; stone axes and farming tools; cooper headdresses Food Intensive farming (maize, beans, squash, and pumpkins), small game

SS8H1b Evaluate the impact of European contact on Native American cultures including the Spanish missions along the Barrier Islands, and the exploration of De Soto SS8H1c Explain reasons for European exploration and settlement in North America, with emphasis on the interests of the French, Spanish, and English in the southeastern area.