Please get your notebooks You can pick up your outlines after lunch.  Start on page 24 and put the sticky note. Make sure you tape it in! Table of contents- Title it ‘Research paper write up’ Write a quick write-up of this process. What worked, what sucked, what was helpful, what made you want to cry. What do you want me to change or keep for next year. PS. I Cannot change the word length- so don’t whine about it! :D Page 25 will be Argument notes

Elements of an Argument

Rhetorical Triangle Speaker’s credibility or ethics pathos ethos audience speaker Emotion: Pity/Passion message logos Logic- (Facts, etc.)

The Appeals pathos – emotional appeal; stirs strong feelings within the audience logos – logical appeal; constructs a message of a well-reasoned argument ethos – ethical appeal; establishes credibility and authority of speaker

How do I identify pathos? Connotative diction (Which words do you use? Suicidal/Sad Euphotic/happy) Imagery Figurative language (metaphor, personification, hyperbole, etc. ) Carefully-crafted syntax (sentence structure) Personal anecdotes (experiences or stories)

How do I identify logos? Facts Statistics Research Referring to experts Cause & effect

How do I identify ethos? Stating qualifications for expertise Using first person plural pronouns (“we”) Citing relevant authorities Citing relevant allusions Overall attention to ethics

More parts to the construction of an argument…

Call to action – the action the speaker or writer is persuading the audience or reader to take Claim – debatable controversial statement the speaker or writer intends to prove with evidence Commentary – connecting the evidence to the claim (How does evidence support claim?) Concession (Rebuttal) – respectful acknowledgement of opposing viewpoint

Hook – the beginning of an argumentative essay meant to capture the reader’s attention (quote, profound statement, imagery, etc.) Evidence – support for writer’s claim (examples, anecdotes, facts, statistics, research, etc.) Thesis – a sentence that expresses the writer’s position on a certain topic Qualifier – puts limits on a claim (usually, sometimes, in most cases, etc.)

Constructing an Argument

Introduction Body Paragraph 1 Body Paragraph 2 Body Paragraph(s) 3-5 Hook Transition Thesis + Qualifier Body Paragraph 1 Claim Evidence Commentary   Body Paragraph 2 Commentary Body Paragraph(s) 3-5 Conclusion Refutation – (slight CONCESSION) Make it memorable (CALL TO ACTION) Your “drop the mic” moment

Terms of Concessions I concede that…; however, … Yes, but… I recognize that …, but I must point out that… While I agree that…, we must remember that… Although I understand that…, I still believe that…