Photosynthesis Notes October 12th

Socrative Student space race Watch video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iXY6J3nMjR4

15 minutes Color the arrows as shown below. When done coloring, cut out each arrow & leaf.

Cut out the pieces Glue the bottom piece down in journal. Glue the top piece on the bottom piece, but only put glue towards the stem part. You want to be able to fold the top piece back and see inside the leaf. Add the arrows & labels as shown on the next slide.

Write Equation

The ultimate source for all food energy is the sun PHOTOSYNTHESIS The ultimate source for all food energy is the sun

AUTOTROPHS - plants and some microscopic organisms that trap sunlight energy to make food PHOTOSYNTHESIS - process using energy from sunlight to convert water H2O and carbon dioxide CO2 into high-energy carbohydrates (sugars and starches) with O2 as a waste product.

Cells with chlorophyll Where do you get the energy? In? CO2 and H2O Out? C6H12O6 and O2 Where do you get the energy? Sunlight Result? ENERGY STORED

Photosynthesis + 6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2

made of the visible spectrum Photosynthesis requires light and chlorophyll Sunlight = white light made of the visible spectrum R O Y G B I V

PIGMENTS – light absorbing molecule CHLOROPHYLL – principal pigment in plants (found in chloroplast) Absorbs red and blue light, reflects green Two types: α and β

Chloroplasts

Surrounded by 2 lipid bilayer membranes Thylakoid = stacks of membranes site of light- dependent reactions Stroma – fluid of chloroplast site of Calvin Cycle

2 Stages of Photosynthesis Light - dependent Calvin cycle (Light – independent)

1. Light - dependent Reactions Use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH Produces O2 gas In the thylakoid

PHOTOLYSIS – splitting of H2O to help make an energy source for the Calvin cycle (releases O2) Energy is carried by NADP+ (changed to NADPH) and ADP (changed into ATP)

Calvin Cycle

AKA: Light – independent reaction Calvin cycle AKA: Light – independent reaction

Uses energy from ATP and NADPH to produce high energy sugars carbohydrates – glucose, starches, cellulose In the stroma

Electron Transport Chain

Electrons within the chlorophyll absorb energy Passed along series of molecules in thylakoid Energy is stored in bonds of ATP (used in Calvin Cycle)