Unit 6: Protists and Fungi

Objectives: Know the 6 main characteristics of protists. Know the three types of protists and examples of each type. Know 3 ways protists move from place to place. Know how protists reproduce. Be able to identify and label three examples of protists.

Main Characteristics of Protists: Most are unicellular, some are multi-cellular. Cells contain a nucleus (eukaryotic). Can be producers, consumers or decomposers. Most do NOT have cell walls. Some can move on their own. Some reproduce asexually; some reproduce sexually.

Types of Protists 1. Plant-like protists: Make their own food (producers) Most are found in water Examples: Phytoplankton Euglena Diatoms (contain a cell wall) Algae Dinoflagellates. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/chromista/diatoms/diatommm.html http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/chromista/phaeophyta.html http://www.toyen.uio.no/palmus/galleri/montre/english/mic07.htm

Euglena eye spot - senses light but does not see. contractile vacuole flagellum nucleus chloroplast eye spot - senses light but does not see. flagellum (flagella) – whip-like structure used for movement. contractile vacuole – squeezes out excess water from the cell. Euglena reproduce by fission.

2. Animal-like protists: Obtain energy by eating other organisms (consumers) Most are found in water Examples: Protozoa Amoeba Paramecium Plasmodia http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory /files/Bio%20102/Bio%20102%20lectures/Protists/protists.htm http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html?http: //www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/artdec02/wdmount2.html

large nucleus (macronucleus) cilia large nucleus (macronucleus) mouth opening (food passageway) small nuclei (micronucleus) contractile vacuole food vacuoles cilia – tiny hairs that allow for movement. food passageway – allows food into cell micronucleus – used for sexual reproduction (conjugation: two organisms combine and exchange genetic material, then separate and divide by fission.) macronucleus – controls other cellular activities

Amoebas reproduce asexually by fission. food vacuole false foot (pseudopods) water vacuole nucleus cell membrane pseudopods – arm-like structures that allow for movement and collecting food. Amoebas reproduce asexually by fission.

3. Fungus-like protists: Digest food outside of the body with enzymes (decomposers) Reproduces using spores Examples: Slime molds Water molds: are parasites Parasites obtain nutrients from inside a host. http://www.caes.state.ct.us/Plantoffice/PlantDiseaseoftheWeek/ PlantDiseaseoftheWeekArchived.htm www.mykoweb.com/photos/ Slime_mold(ms-07).jpg