Introduction to Africa: 1100-1980 CE Introduction to Africa: https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/africa-ap

Great Zimbabwe Bantu=Shona People/Southern Africa Royal Residence-elites lived in it 300 Similar Structures bit this is the largest ancient structure South of the Sahara. 1800 Acres, 36 ft high walls-820 ft Ritual sites Cemeteries Communication Stone-passing on messages Town at the bottom of a hill-6k houses and 18k people Highly developed stone masonry techniques Conical tower-power of the king Hilltop-Parthenon!?

Great Zimbabwe House of Stone Beads from China and Near East found=trade Royal Residence-not defensive but to separate elite form the mases to show power Commoners lived outside Towers= masculine, grain bins=royal power and generosity Split granite-ashlar masonry with slight recess for an inward slope No straight lines-built of curves

Scholars have suggested that the birds served as emblems of royal authority, perhaps representing the ancestors of Great Zimbabwe’s rulers. Although their precise significance is still unknown, these sculptures remain powerful symbols of rule in the modern era, adorning the flag of Zimbabwe as national emblems.

Conical tower and circular wall of Great Zimbabwe Setting: Southeastern Zimbabwe. Shona peoples Medium: Coursed granite blocks https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/africa-ap/v/great-zimbabwe-unesconhk

Great Mosque of Djenne Setting: Mali Medium: Adobe https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/art-africa/west-africa/mali1/a/great-mosque-of-djenne

Wall plaque, from Oba’s Palace Setting: Edo peoples, Benin (Nigeria) Medium: Cast brass https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/africa-ap/a/benin-plaque-equestrian-oba-and-attendants

Sika dwa kofi (Golden Stool) Setting: Ashanti peoples (south central Ghana) Medium: Gold over wood and cast-gold attachments https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/africa-ap/v/sika-dwa-kofi-golden-stool

Ndop (portrait figure) of King Mishe miShyaang maMbul Setting: Kuba peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo) Medium: Wood https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/africa-ap/a/ndop-portrait-of-king-mishe-mishyaang-mambul

Power Figure (Nkisi n’kondi) Setting: Kongo peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo) Medium: Wood and Metal https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/africa-ap/a/nkisi-nkondi

Portrait mask (Mblo) Setting: Baule peoples (Cote d’Ivoire) Medium: Wood and pigment https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/africa-ap/a/mblo-baule

Female (Pwo) mask Setting: Chokwe peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo) Medium: Wood, fiber, pigment, and metal https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/africa-ap/v/female-pwo-mask

Bundu mask Setting: Ibgo peoples (Nigeria) Medium: Wood https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/africa-ap/v/sande-bundu

Ikenga (Igbo Peoples) Nigeria 19th to 20th Century C.E. Wood and Pigment https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/africa-ap/v/ikenga

Lukasa (memory board) Setting: Mbudye Society, Luba peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo) Medium: Wood, beads, and metal https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/africa-ap/a/lukasa-memory-board-luba-peoples

Aka elephant mask Setting: Bamileke (Cameroon, western grassfields region) Medium: wood, woven raffia, cloth, and beads https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/africa-ap/v/elephant-mask

Reliquary figure (nlo bieri) Setting: Fang peoples (southern Cameroon) Medium: Wood https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/africa-ap/v/fang-reliquary

Veranda post: equestrian figure and female caryatid Setting: Olowe of Ise (Yoruba peoples) Medium: Wood and pigment https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/africa-ap/v/olowe-veranda