World Bank Conference, Land and Poverty March 21, 2017 Conceptual Modelling Process to Design Tech Solutions To Fight Land Corruption World Bank Conference, Land and Poverty March 21, 2017 Jean Brice Tetka Research Department

AIM OF THE RESEARCH Develop a conceptual model of information on how the chapters will work in the land sector, to serve as a baseline to identify and conceive successful and innovative tech solutions to fight against corruption in the land sector in Africa.

Why DID we used this process In Sub Saharan Africa, land issues are very diverse from one country to another. TI chapters (ten in total) taking part in the project are free to decide which specific issues they would like to target and which different approaches they will use to address these issues.

Why Did we use this process To avoid the development of solutions which would not be compatible with the reality on the ground, the usage of technology requires a more in depth analysis. Independently to what chapters will focus on, the conceptual modelling had to address issues in four key areas, identified by the Land and Corruption programme

Key issues identified 1. Lack of accessible information Information on land registration (process, time and cost) Awareness about land information (for marginalised people) Access to information for illiterate people 2. Lack of understandable information Language used (local language?) Technical terms used 3. Inadequate access to justice on land issues Awareness of law on land regulations Awareness on how to seek justice 4. the lack of monitoring and social accountability mechanisms To prevent and prohibit corrupt practices in the land sector at local, national, and regional level

Methodology With a questionnaire in a direct interview, the method used was the observation. Twenty questions were asked to each chapter targeted, with the objective to identify a technological solution which should reflect the political/ legal environment, the capacity and interest of the chapters participating in the project.

Methodology For each chapter, information was collected to draft three behavioral diagrams: Information flow Activity diagram Use case diagram

Methodology Observation from the field, coupled with diagrams drafted, turned easier the identification of what could be the most efficient use of technology in the project. The solutions were conceived based on what could work, and from what the chapter wants to achieve, what is realistic.

SOLUTIONS IDENTIFIED

SOLUTION 1: platform to promote the work of chapters Goals and objectives This platform will be a tool to advertise the work of the chapters by: Publishing articles on land issues (From investigative journalists and/or chapters) Showing impactful cases Sharing the activity report of the chapter The objective of this platform is to be a strong voice for the entire project at the international level in order to attract more supporters and more donors. This platform will also be a channel to alert the world about a specific issue happening in a country.

Solution 2: Knowledge management of cases reported Goals and objectives This platform will be a tool to reduce the time chapters spend on cases. This internal application (not open for the public) will provide information on recurrent cases so the person receiving complaints will know what are possible answers.

Solution 2: Knowledge management of cases reported Goals and objectives We expect this application to: Increase the efficiency of the chapter on case management Quickly giving information on laws and regulations concerned by the case Spend less time looking for answers and focus on cases related to corruption Keep the knowledge in house in case of turnover of staff Report the success or the failure of an action taken by the chapter Report the success or the failure on an issue

Solution 3: Land process workflow Goals and objectives This platform will be a tool to document land process workflows. This platform will empower transparency on different official processes for applying on land at the chapter level. Ideally, it should be usable not only to model land acquisition processes but other processes as well. Processes could be identified from the risk mapping tool.

Challenges and learnings Most of the people affected by land corruption are not having access to internet. Lack of information is always at the roots of land corruption. Data collection should start on the grass-roots level. The modeling process of land management has the advantage to simplify procedures and visualize procedures.

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