Roosevelt and The New Deal

Election of 1932 Winner- Franklin Roosevelt The New Deal Political Experience Personality and Disability Reform minded Overwhelming victory! The New Deal Was not idle during 4 month waiting period Created “Brain Trust” and “Black Brain Trust” Promised the American people “A New Deal” Election of 1932

The Hundred Days Bank Holiday, March 5 March 9- June 16, 1933 Period of intense political activity  New Deal legislation Fireside Chats Radio show Issues of public concern Clear, simple language The Hundred Days

The Hundred Days Banking and Finance Regain public’s trust in banks Glass-Steagall Act (attempt to reorganize banking) Established Federal Deposit Insurance Act (FDIC) Federal Securities Act Provide complete information on all stock offerings and made them liable (responsible) for any misrepresentation Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Raise taxes by taxing alcohol The Hundred Days

Hoover vs. FDR

Ready for some “Alphabet Soup?” AAA CCC NIRA HOLC NRA FHA FERA Ready for some “Alphabet Soup?”

Helping the American People Rural Help Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) Raise prices, lower production Work Projects Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Work building roads, developing parks, planting trees, help in soil-erosion and flood control projects Segregation in Virginia National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) Money for states to create jobs in the construction of schools and other community buildings Civil Works Administration (CWA) 4 million immediate jobs Helping the American People

Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC)- provided government loans to homeowners who faced foreclosure because they could not meet their loan payments Federal Housing Administration (FHA)-furnish loans for home mortgages and repairs. Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)- provide direct relief to the needy National Recovery Administration (NRA)- set price of products and established standards Promote fair practices, promote industrial growth Other Programs

Money buys food…hard work gains confidence Harry Hopkins

"The country needs and, unless I mistake its temper, the country demands bold, persistent experimentation. It is common sense to take a method and try it: If it fails, admit it frankly and try another. But above all, try something." FDR 1932

Review of FDR’s Legislation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zys8E6B40_E Review of FDR’s Legislation

Conservative Critics: Dr. Francis Townsend Charles Coughlin Huey Long Conservative Critics: appeal to poor Americans

Critics of the New Deal New Deal under attack Deficit Spending A necessary evil When is it used? John Keynes Stimulate Economy Spend our way out of the Depression Did the New Deal end the Depression? Critics of the New Deal

Critics of the New Deal Huey Long Charles Coughlin “Share Our Wealth” – high taxes on the wealthy and redistribute income Assassinated by a political enemy Charles Coughlin Attracted listeners on his radio show Views became too extreme and was forced to cancel show Critics of the New Deal

Critics of the New Deal Francis Townsend federal government provide $200 to citizens over the age of 60. Money would filter to the rest of the country and produce a recovery. Held meetings called “Townsend Clubs” Critics of the New Deal

Critics of the New Deal Liberals Conservatives New Deal did not go far enough to help the poor Roosevelt spent too much time on direct relief Did not do enough to reform the nation’s economic system Used New Deal policies to control business and socialize economy Gave the federal government too much control over agriculture and industry Critics of the New Deal

The Supreme Court NIRA is unconstitutional Declared law gave legislative powers to the executive branch Outside of federal government’s constitutional powers to regulate interstate commerce AAA should be regulated by state not federal government “Court Packing Bill” (1937) Why did he propose it? Appoint 6 new justices Violation of separation of powers? How did Roosevelt get his way? The Supreme Court

American Liberty League Conservatives in 1934 Wanted to defend and uphold the Constitution Opposed the New Deal Violated respect for rights of individuals and property American Liberty League