Strategies to Bridge the Standardization Gap ITU-T Workshop on Bridging the Standardization Gap Strategies to Bridge the Standardization Gap Cyberjaya, 29 June 2010 Arthur Levin Chief, Services Department ITU - Telecommunication Standardization Bureau 1

Outline Defining the standardization gap Measuring the gap ITU-T activities to bridge the standardization gap

Defining the Standardization Gap Disparities in the ability to access, implement, contribute to and influence international ICT standards (ITU Recommendations) Disparities in the representation of developing countries relative to developed countries, cause and manifestation of: Persistence of the wider digital divide in ICTs (among different regions and groups within the society) Unequal access to technology and the ability to use that technology Digital divide measures disparities among different regions (e.g., urban/rural), or between different groups within society (e.g., by age, sex, race, income, etc) Example Africa DSL 3

Framework for BSG PP Resolution 123 (Rev. Antalya, 2006) Recognizing “the continued shortage of human resources in the standardization field of developing countries, resulting in a low level of developing country participation in ITU-T and ITU-R meetings …” Resolution 44 (WTSA-04): Action Plan Strengthening standards-making capabilities Assisting ITU-D in enhancing application of standards Human resource building Flagship groups for bridging the gap Fundraising Resolution 47 (WTDC-06) Enhancement of knowledge and effective application of ITU Recommendations in developing countries 4

Measuring the Gap Number of TIES users Number of downloads of ITU-T Recs. from website site Number of Sector Members and Associates Number of chairmen, vice-chairmen and rapporteurs from developing countries Number of participants in meetings and contributions by country

The Standardization Development Ladder Entering proposals at WTSA on future study questions and work programmes The Standardization Development Ladder Nominating representatives as study group chairs, vice - chairs. rapporteurs , focus group chairs etc Bridging the standardization development gap requires a sequence of steps, depending on the level of: economic development local manufacturing capability local R&D capability previous engagement with ITU These steps can be conceptualized in terms of a “Ladder of Standardization Development” Giving contributions at Study Groups and related meetings Attracting ITU meetings and/or regional groups (Res 54) Going to Study Groups and related meetings ITU Sector and Associate Membership National training and capacity - building in use of ITU Recommendations Growing usage of ITU Recommendations 6

Standardization Development Ladder (1) Entering proposals at WTSA on future study questions and work programmes Standardization Development Ladder (1) Nominating representatives as study group chairs, vice - chairs. rapporteurs , focus group chairs etc Giving contributions at Study Groups and related meetings On the lowest rung of the ladder is the growing usage of ITU Recommendations and website This can be measured in terms of sales or downloads of Recommendations Use of international standards in ICT procurement should help to reduce costs and promote inter-operability Attracting ITU meetings and/or regional groups (Res 54) Going to Study Groups and related meetings ITU Sector and Associate Membership National training and capacity - building in use of ITU Recommendations Growing use of ITU Recommendations 7

Standardization Development Ladder (1) Entering proposals at WTSA on future study questions and work programmes Standardization Development Ladder (1) Nominating representatives as study group chairs, vice - chairs. rapporteurs , focus group chairs etc ITU-T’s policy of making Recommendations free of charge online has led to increased usage from developing countries Giving contributions at Study Groups and related meetings Attracting ITU meetings and/or regional groups (Res 54) Going to Study Groups and related meetings 2006 4’815 sales to 78 economies 2007, Jan-Aug >1.9m downloads from 197 economies ITU Sector and Associate Membership National training and capacity - building in use of ITU Recommendations Growing usage of ITU Recommendations 8

Top ten developing and transition economies, by number of downloads Entering proposals at WTSA on future study questions and work programmes Top ten developing and transition economies, by number of downloads Nominating representatives as study group chairs, vice - chairs. rapporteurs , focus group chairs etc Giving contributions at Study Groups and related meetings Attracting ITU meetings and/or regional groups (Res 54) Going to Study Groups and related meetings Free Downloads from ITU-T website, Jan-May 2007. Source: ITU-T Web Trends ITU Sector and Associate Membership National training and capacity - building in use of ITU Recommendations Growing usage of ITU Recommendations 9

Standardization Development Ladder (2) Entering proposals at WTSA on future study questions and work programmes Standardization Development Ladder (2) Nominating representatives as study group chairs, vice - chairs. rapporteurs , focus group chairs etc On the second rung of the ladder is the national capacity-building in use of ITU Recommendations, helping to build a national resource base of engineers able to implement Recommendations ITU can provide capacity-building and training programmes (eg centres of excellence) Standardization Gap Fund facilitates participation of developing country experts in standardization work Giving contributions at Study Groups and related meetings Attracting ITU meetings and/or regional groups (Res 54) Going to Study Groups and related meetings ITU Sector and Associate Membership National training and capacity - building in use of ITU Recommendations Growing usage of ITU Recommendations 10

Standardization Development Ladder (3) Entering proposals at WTSA on future study questions and work programmes Standardization Development Ladder (3) Nominating representatives as study group chairs, vice - chairs. rapporteurs , focus group chairs etc Giving contributions at Study Groups and related meetings On the third rung of the ladder is ITU Sector and Associate membership Institutional membership in the global community helps promote globalization while off-setting its negative aspects Membership also gives access to meeting reports, contributions, temporary documents, working documents etc Attracting ITU meetings and/or regional groups (Res 54) Going to Study Groups and related meetings ITU Sector and Associate Membership National training and capacity - building in use of ITU Recommendations Growing usage of ITU Recommendations 11

ITU-T Sector Members and Associates *About one third of ITU-T Sector Members are from developing countries but only one sixth of Associates

Standardization Development Ladder (4) Entering proposals at WTSA on future study questions and work programmes Nominating representatives as study group chairs, vice - chairs. rapporteurs , focus On the 4th rung of the ladder is participation in Study Groups and Focus Groups Participation promotes “learning by doing” and opens possibilities for networking Possibilities also exist for remote participation (e.g., through Internet Broadcast of Study Group meetings, correspondence groups, remote collaboration tools etc) group chairs etc Giving contributions at Study Groups and related meetings Attracting ITU meetings and/or regional groups (Res 54) Going to Study Groups and related meetings ITU Sector or Associate Membership National training and capacity - building in use of ITU Recommendations Growing usage of ITU Recommendations 13

Participation in ITU-T Meetings Distribution of delegates to ITU-T Meetings (%)

ITU-T Members and TIES

Standardization Development Ladder (5) Entering proposals at WTSA on future study questions and work programmes Nominating representatives as study group chairs, vice - chairs. rapporteurs , focus On the 5th rung, countries may seek to attract ITU meetings, or establish regional groups to foster participation Hosting events will create new opportunities for “learning by doing”, training and raising awareness An increasing number of joint ITU-T/ITU-D Study Groups, Focus Groups and workshops are now held in the regions group chairs etc Giving contributions at Study Groups and related meetings Attracting ITU meetings and/or regional groups (Res 54) Going to Study Groups and related meetings ITU Sector or Associate Membership National training and capacity - building in use of ITU Recommendations Growing usage of ITU Recommendations 16

Standardization Development Ladder (6) Entering proposals at WTSA on future study questions and work programmes Nominating representatives as study group chairs, vice - chairs. rapporteurs , focus On the 6th rung of the ladder is Giving “contributions” (i.e. input documents) at ITU-T Study Groups, Focus Groups and related meetings By making inputs to the process, it is possible to shape future standards The whole standardization process is “contribution-driven”, as these form the basis for virtually all Recommendations group chairs etc Giving contributions at Study Groups and related meetings Attracting ITU meetings and/or regional groups (Res 54) Going to Study Groups and related meetings ITU Sector or Associate Membership National training and capacity - building in use of ITU Recommendations Growing usage of ITU Recommendations 17

Participation : Contributions

Standardization Development Ladder (7) Entering proposals at WTSA on future study questions and work programmes Nominating representatives as study group chairs, vice - chairs. rapporteurs , focus group chairs etc On the 7th rung of the ladder is Nominating representatives, eg to serve as Study Group chairs, vice chairs, rapporteurs etc These officials form part of the management team for each Study Group and help progress the work Nomination is a sign of respect for the contributions made by individuals over a number of years Giving contributions at Study Groups and related meetings Attracting ITU meetings and/or regional groups (Res 54) Going to Study Groups and related meetings ITU Sector or Associate Membership National training and capacity - building in use of ITU Recommendations Growing usage of ITU Recommendations 19

Participation in ITU-T Leadership

Standardization Development Ladder (8) Entering proposals at WTSA on future study questions and work programmes Standardization Development Ladder (8) Nominating representatives as study group chairs, vice - chairs. rapporteurs , focus group chairs etc On the final rung of the ladder is Entering Proposals, in TSAG and WTSA, eg on future study questions and work programmes ITU-T’s work is structured around study questions which determine the work of the Study Groups World Telecom Standardization Assembly (WTSA) was held in Johannesburg from 21-30 October 2008, preceded by a Global Standards Symposium (GSS) Giving contributions at Study Groups and related meetings Attracting ITU meetings and/or regional groups (Res 54) Going to Study Groups and related meetings ITU Sector or Associate Membership National training and capacity - building in use of ITU Recommendations Growing usage of ITU Recommendations 21

So, what can be done to bridge the standardization development gap? Entering proposals at WTSA on future study questions and work programmes Nominating representatives as study group chairs, vice - chairs. rapporteurs , focus group chairs etc Giving contributions at Study Groups and related meetings So, what can be done to bridge the standardization development gap? Attracting ITU meetings and/or regional groups (Res 54) Going to Study Groups and related meetings ITU Sector or Associate Membership National training and capacity - building in use of ITU Recommendations Growing usage of ITU Recommendations 22

Standards Capability Index Joint Project with TTA Tools for Assessing Standards Capability Q Sent to all developing countries Data will be used to compile index of readiness Useful in targeting best practices and solutions

Report on Measuring and Reducing the Standards Gap Analyzes the Gap and shows the importance of standards for developing countries Set of case studies Set of Best Practices National standards strategy National standards advisory council Key ITU Actions BSG toolkit Research and advice Online knowledge repository Guidelines on use of ITU-T recommendations

TechWatch reports Identify new/emerging technologies with a view to identify areas for new standardization work, such as: Food Security (August 2009) The Future Internet (April 2009) Distributed Computing: Utilities, Grids & Clouds (March 2009) Standardization Activities for Intelligent Transport Systems (October 2008) NGNs and energy efficiency (August 2008) Technical aspects of Lawful Interception (May 2008) … http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/techwatch/index.html

Remote collaboration and participation: online tools Free access to ITU-T Recommendations online (since 1 January 2007) TIES access (password protected) to meeting documents etc Other electronic tools, e.g., correspondence groups, informal FTP areas on website, Forums etc Remote participation via webinar (GotoMeeting, GoToWebinar, Webex)

Resolution 54 : Creation of regional groups Regional Groups Support within available (or otherwise contributed resources) and on a case-by-case basis the creation of regional groups ITU-T RGs: SG2 SG3 SG6 SG12

ITU-T major events in developing countries Forum on "Implementation of decisions of the World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly-08 (WTSA-08)“, Accra, Ghana 16-17 June 2009 ITU Symposium on ICTs and Climate Change Quito, Ecuador 8-10 July 2009 Kaleidoscope event: Innovations for Digital Inclusion Mar del Plata, Argentina, 31 Aug-1 Sept. 2009 Workshop on BSG, Fiji Sept. 2009 Regional Consultations on Conformance Assessment and Interoperability Quito: July 2010 Nairobi: July 2010

Thank you www.itu.int/ITU-T/gap tsbspd@itu.int tsbpromo@itu.int