Review for Quiz on 10-11-17 Wednesday 8th Grade

Your quiz tomorrow will have matching with 10 of the vocabulary words, one incomplete dominant punnett square to solve, one complete dominant punnett square to solve, and a few questions.

1. What does the Cell membrane do?-

1. Cell membrane- surrounds the cell and controls materials that enter and exit the cell, found in both plant and animal cells.

2. What is the Cell wall?

2.The cell wall is in plants for support and protection.

3. What is the nucleus of a cell?

3. Nucleus of a cell- Found in both plant and animal cells 3. Nucleus of a cell- Found in both plant and animal cells. This is where the DNA is found that is needed for reproduction and controlling the cell’s activities.

3. Where is DNA found in a cell?

3. DNA is found in the nucleus usually

4. What it the chloroplast?

4. The chlorplast has chlorophyll and is where photosynthesis is carried on.

5. What is cytoplasm?

5. Cytoplasm is the filler in a cell.

6. What is the vacuole?

6. The vacuole is for storage of food, waste or water.

7. What is DNA?

7. DNA- Deoxyribonucleic Acid, substance that makes up chromosomes and carries the codes for hereditary information.

8. What is a gene?

8. The gene is a location on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait.

9. What is a chromosome?

9.Chromosome- Composed of DNA and carries genes for hereditary information.

10. What is sexual cell reproduction?

10. Sexual reproduction- Cells have ½ of their parent cells and combine to produce offspring with a greater variation than asexual reproduction.

11. Asexual reproduction-

11. Asexual reproduction has one parent, no mixing of DNA and little variety produced in the offspring.

12. What is budding?

12. Budding- A type of asexual reproduction where a bud grows and then separates.

13.What is a mutation?

13. Mutation- A change in the DNA or genetic code of an organism.

14. What is a zygote?

14. A zygote is a fertilized egg cell, it is diploid.

15. Define Dominant trait.

15. Dominant trait- When a trait hides another trait.

16. What is a recessive trait?

116. Recessive trait- A trait that is carried but does not show.

17. Explain incomplete dominance.

17. Incomplete dominance- When traits are blended, no dominant or recessive traits.

18. What is an allele?

18. Allele- ½ Of the chromosome for a particular trait.

19. What does homozygous mean?

19. Homozygous is when both genes are the same such as WW or BB.

20.Explain heterozygous.

20. Heterozygous- When an organism or cell has genetic codes for two different traits.

21. Define genotype.

21.Genotype- The actual genes for a trait.

22. What is phenotype?

22. Phenotype- What shows up physically depending on the genotype.

Don’t forget there will be one punnett square on Dominant/Recessive and one on Incomplete Dominance. Check your notes for this. See this week’s note sheets.

23. If trees are a producer, where do trees get their energy from?

23. Trees get their energy from the sun.

24. The process of one plant community giving way to another is known as?

24. Succession

25. What is the difference between a consumer and a decomposer.

25. A decomposer gets energy from breaking down dead things and a producer gets energy from the sun.

26. What is the definition of an ecosystem?

26. An ecosystem is all the living and non living things in an area.

27. Why are plants called producers?

27. Plants make their own food.

30. You will need to identify the function of cell organelles such as cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, vacuole and cytoplasm. Go to the website just mentioned for review.

30. Look at your notes for the diagram from 9-21.

31. If normal cells in a plant or animal have a full set of chromosomes, such as 60. How many will be in a sex cell such as sperm or pollen?

31. ½ or 30 in this case

32. You should be able to compare sexual and asexual reproduction.

32. Sexual reproduction has 2 parents, mixes DNA thus looks different 32. Sexual reproduction has 2 parents, mixes DNA thus looks different. Asexual has one parent, no mixing of DNA thus no variety.

Review Quiz ___ 1. Alleles a. Characteristics that can be passed only from one living thing to its young ___ 2. Genotype b. Alleles paired together for a specific trait are identical ___ 3. Phenotype c. When one allele masks thepresence of another, the allele is… ___ 4. Heterozygous d. An allele that is masked by another is… ___ 5. Dominant e. All the forms of a gene for any given trait are… ___ 6. Recessive f. Grid system used to determine possible genotypes of offspring ___ 7. Homozygous g. The study of heredity ___ 8. Punnett square h. The physical result of a gene combination ___ 9. Genetics i. The genetic make-up, or combination, of an organism ___ 10. Traits j. Alleles paired together that are different from each other

Here are the answers for the quiz 1.E 2.I 3.H 4.J 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.F 9.G 10 A.

The end, good luck amigos.