ryat iSaxaNa saMsqaocao QanaMjayarava gaaDgaIL ka^laoja Aa^f ka^masa- saatara IBPS ba^ikMga spQaa- prIxaa maagadSa-na koMd` baosala krar 1 2 3 Basel Accord-I,II,III p`a.inalaoSakumaar gaurva Aqa-Saas~ ivaBaaga C~ptI iSavaajaI ka^laoja saatara

baosala krar 1 Basel Accord-I p`astaivak sana 1965 to 1981 yaa kaLat AmaoirkotIla 8 ba^Mka idvaaLKaorIt inaGaalyaa. bacat va kja- saMkT ]paya ba^Mk pya-vaoxaNaivaYayak baosala saimatI Basel Committee on Banking Supervision isva%Jala-MDmaQaIla baosala yaoqao sqaapna krNyaat AalaI. 10 raYT/aMcyaa maQyavatI- ba^Mkacyaa gavhna-sa-naI sana 1985 maQyao sqaapna yaa saimatIcyaa baOzka isva%Jala-MDmaQaIla baosala yaoqaIla AaMtrraYT/Iya vyavaharpUtI- ba^Mkocyaa bank for international settlements kayamasva$pI saicavaalayaat haotat.

baosala krar 1 Basel Accord-I 1988 baosala 1 ]_oSa Objectives of Basel -1 1.AaMtrraYT/Iya ba^MikMga vyavasqaocao sqaOya- dRZ krNao. 2.AaMtrraYT/Iya ba^MkaMmaQaIla spQaa-%mak ivaYamata (Competitive Inequality) kmaI krNyaasaazI yaaogya,\ pirpUNa- va saUsaMgat AaMtrraYT/Iya ba^MikMga vyavasqaa inamaa-Na krNao. BaaMDvala rcanaa Capital Structure 1.str 1 mau#ya BaaMDvala Core Capital BaaMDvalaat raoKo ikMvaa BaagaQaarkaMcao samaBaaga AaiNa GaaoiYat raKIva inaQaI ` kja- hanaI raKIva inaQaI 2.str 1 pUrk BaaMDvala Supplementary Capital gaMutvaNaUk maalama<aovarIla laaBa 5vaYaa-Mpoxaa AiQak maudtIcao dIGa-kalaIna kja- Cupa raKIva inaQaI

baosala krar 1 Basel Accord-I 1988 ba^Mkocyaa jaaoKmaIcao p`kar Types of Banks Risk pt jaaoKIma Credit Risk ba^MkocaI jaaoKIma BaaraMikt maalama<aa mhNajao pt jaaoKIma haoya. pt jaaoKIma Baar 0 % 20 % 50 % 100 % baosala krar 1 pt jaaoKmaIsaazI 8% BaaMDvala zovaavao. A taLobaMdatIla jaaoKIma ba vyaaprivaYayak ibagar taLobaMdatIla jaaoKIma ]da.vyaajadr ivadoSaI ivainamaya k ibagar vyaaprivaYayak ibagar taLobaMdatIla jaaoKIma ]da.saamanya hmaI vyavahar saMbaMiQat kja- ma<aa

baosala krar 1 Basel Accord-I 1988 ba^Mkocyaa jaaoKmaIcao p`kar Types of Banks Risk 2. baajaar jaaoKIma Market Risk 1996 maQyao baosala krar 1 maQyao sauQaarNaa k$na %yaat baajaar jaaoKIma ha GaTk samaaivaYT krNyaat Aalaa A saamaanya baajaar jaaoKIma ba ivaiSaYT baajaar jaaoKIma saamaanyapNao 4 p`mauK calaaMmaULo baajaar jaaoKIma inamaa-Na haoto. A vyaajadr Interest Rate ba ivadoSaI ivainamaya Foreign Exchange k samaBaaga D vastU

baosala krar 2 Basel Accord-II ba^Mk pya-vaoxaNaivaYayak baosala saimatInao ‘BaaMDvalaacao maaojamaap AaiNa BaaMDvalaacyaa djaa-cao AaMtrraYT/Iya $paMtr saUQaairt inayamaaMcaI caaOkT 2004’ “International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards: A revised Framework” ha Ahvaala maaMDlaa.yaalaaca baosala krar 2 mhNatat. baosala kraracao payaaBaUt GaTk A ikmaana BaaMDvalaI garja Minimum Capital Requirements yaat ikmaana BaaMDvalaI garjacaa ihSaoba AaiNa BaaMDvalaacao GaTk pt jaaoKIma kayaa-%mak jaaoKIma baajaar jaaoKIma yaaMcaa samaavaoSa krNyaat Aalaa. str 2 GaTkaMcaI ekUNa baorIja str 1 GaTkaMcyaa jaastItjaast 100 % raihla duyyama maudtI kja- str 1 GaTkaMcyaa jaastItjaast 50 % raihla str 3 GaTkaMcaI ekUNa baorIja str 1 GaTkaMcyaa jaastItjaast 250 % raihla saamaanya kja- hanaI Ba$na kaZNyaasaazI raKIva inaQaI jaastItjaast 1.25 % raihla

baosala krar 2 Basel Accord-II BaaMDvalaI str str 1 BaagaQaarkaMkDIla sqaayaI samaBaaga saamaanya Baagasaaza sqaayaI ibagarsaMcayaI Aga`h@k Baaga GaaoYaIt raKIva inaQaI str 2 A AGaaoiYat raKIva inaQaI ba punamaU-lyaaMkna raKIva inaQaI k saamaanya trtudI D saMyau@t BaaMDvalaI saaQanao [ duyyama maudtI kja-

baosala krar 2 Basel Accord-II BaaMDvalaI str str 3 svaocCaQaIna AiQakaraWaro str 3 BaaMDvala baaLgaU Saktat yaat p`amau#yaanao Alp maudtIcyaa duyyama kjaa-Mcaa samaavaoSa haotao yaacaa ]_oSa baajaar jaaoKIma kmaI krNyaacaa Asatao. ba pya-vaoxaNa punaiva-laaokna p`ik`yaa Supervisory Review process 4 maulat<vao jaaoKmaISaI inagaDIt ekUNa BaaMDvala pyaa-Pttocyaa maUlyamaapnaasaazI AaiNa BaaMDvala patLI kayama raKNyaasaazI vyaUhrcanaa tyaar krNyaakirta ba^MkakDo p`ik`yaa vaa kaya-pWtI AsalaI paihjao Paya-vaoxakaMnaI ba^Mkocyaa AMtga-t BaaMDvala pyaa-Ptta maUlyamaapnaacaa va vyaUhrcanaocaa AaZavaa Gao}na %yaacao prIxaNa kolao paihjao ba^kaMnaI ikmaana inayamanaa%mak BaaMDvalaI gauNaao<arapoxaa AiQak BaaMDvala baaLgat AsalyaacaI Ka~I Paya-vaoxakaMnaI kravaI. ba^MkaMkDIla BaaMDvala pyaa-Ptta ikmaana patLIpoxaa kmaI haot Asaolatr p`arMBaIcyaa TPPyaatca Paya-vaoxakaMnaI %yaalaa raoKlao paihjao

baosala krar 2 Basel Accord-II k baajaar iSastIcaa p`BaavaI vaapr Effective use of Market Discipline p`kTIkrNaacaI AavaSyakta maaga-dSa-k t<vao yaaogya Anau$p p`kTIkrNa p`aPtI

baosala krar 3 Basel Accord-III ~ogc g{_VrZo {XZm§H$ 2 {S>g|~a 2010 amoOr "~ogc-3' Kmo{fV Ho$co. ~ogc-3 _Ü`o ~±Ho$Mr ^m§S>dc n`m©ßVVm, VmU VnmgUr d ~mOma VacVm Omo{I_ `mda cj H|${ÐV H$aÊ`mV Amco Amho. ~ogc-3 Mr C{ÔîQ>ço :- {dÎmr` d Am{W©H$ VmUmVyZ {Z_m©U hmoUmao YŠHo$ ghZ H$aÊ`mMr j_Vm dmT>{dUo. To improve the banking sector’s ability to absorb shocks arising from financial and economic stress 2. OmoIr_ ì`dñWmnZ d {Z`_mV§J©V amhþZ JaOoZwgma gwYmaUm KS>dyZ AmUUo. To improve risk management and governance. 3. ~±Ho$Mr nmaXe©H$Vm _O~yV H$aUo d Amdí`H$ ~m~r {ZXe©Zmg AmUUo. To strengthen bank’s transparency and disclosure. 4. Am{W©H$ d {dËVr` VmU H$_r H$ê$Z ~±H$m§Mr CËnmXZ j_Vm dmT>{dUo. To improve the efficiency of the bank by overcoming economic financial stress. 5. ~±H$s¨J joÌmVrc ^m§S>dc d VacVog§~§YrMr Z{dZ _mJ©Xe©H$ VËdo AmË_gmV H$aUo. To digest new guidelines regarding capital and liquidity in the baking sector.

baosala krar 3 Basel Accord-III ~ogc-3 Mo ñV§^ :- ~±H$m§À`m Am{W©H$ n`©dojUmgmR>r ~ogc-3 _Ü`o VrZ _wc^wV ñV§^ _m§S>co AmhoV. n{hë`m ñV§^m_Ü`o ^m§S>dc Omo{I_ H$_r H$aUo d gdm©Ü`o g§VwcZ {Z_m©U H$aUo ho _wX²Xo g_m{dï> AmhoV. Xwgè`m ñV§^m_Ü`o Omo{I_ ì`dñWmnZ d n`©dojU `m _wÚm§Mm g_mode Amho. Va {Vgè`m ñV§^m_Ü`o ~mOma {eñVr ~m~VMm {dMma Ho$cocm Amho. ~ogc-3 Mm _wc^yV CÔoe ^mJ ^m§S>dc _`m©Xm dmT>dyZ d ZwH$gmZ ghZ H$aÊ`mMr j_Vm dmT>dyZ ~±H$m§À`m ^m§S>dcmMm XOm© dmT>{dÊ`mgmR>r _mJ©Xe©H$ VËdo {Z_m©U H$aUo hm hmo`. Pillars of Basel-III Basal - III has set three basic pillars for financial supervision of the banks. In the first pillar capital ,Risk coverage and containing leverage have been covered. In the second pillar Risk management and supervision have been covered, and in the third pillar Market discipline has been focused. The basic intention of the Basal - III to give guide line to enhance the quality of the bank’s capital by enlarging the equity capital requirement while strengthening. The loss absorption capacity of different forms of capital.

baosala krar 3 Basel Accord-III ñV§^-1 Pillar - 1 :- (A) ^m§S>dc Capital :- `m_Ü`o Imcrc ~m~tMm {dMma Ho$cocm Amho. ^m§S>dcmMm XOm© d nmVir : Omo{I_`wŠV ^m§S>dcmÀ`m 4.5 Q>ŠHo$ BVHo$ {H$_mZ ^m§S>dc Agco nm{hOo. Quality and level of capital :- More emphasis is given for common equity. The minimum equity will be raised to 4.5% of risk weighted asset after deductions. 2. ^m§S>dcr hmZr gmogÊ`mMr j_Vm : {Z`_H$ _§S>imÀ`m A{YH$mamZwgma Jw§VdUyH$ gmYZm§Ü`o Ago H$c_ Agmdo H$s, EImXr ~±H$ AH$m`©j_ R>aë`mg Ë`mMo eoAg© aX²X qH$dm gd©gmYmaU ^mJ^m§S>dcm_Ü`o n[adV©Z H$aÊ`mMr VaVwX Agmdr. H$s Á`m_wio ImOJr joÌmMm {hñgm dmTy>Z ^{dî`mVrc ~±H$s¨J joÌmVrc YmoHo$ d AZ¡{VH$ Jmoï>r H$_r hmoVrc. Capital loss absorption at the point of non-viability :- As per the agreed terms capital instruments cover a clause which permits and write off or conversion of common shares in case the Bank is identified as non Viable. This enhances the share of private sector is causing the future Banking dangers.

baosala krar 3 Basel Accord-III ñV§^-1 Pillar - 1 :- ^m§S>dc Capital :- `m_Ü`o Imcrc ~m~tMm {dMma Ho$cocm Amho. 3. ^mJ ^m§S>dcmMr {H$_mZ Amdí`H$ _`m©Xm : Omo{I_`wŠV g§nËVrÀ`m {H$_mZ 2.5 Q>ŠHo$ gd©gmYmaU ^mJ^m§S>dc Yê$Z EHy$U gd© gmYmaU ^mJ ^m§S>dc 7 Q>ŠHo$ AgUo Amdí`H$ Amho. EImXr ~±H$ Amdí`H$ {H$_mZ ^mJ ^m§S>dcmÀ`m Imcr Amë`mg Ë`mda _mJ©Xe©H$ VËdo cmXcr OmVrc. Capital Conservation Buffer :- It includes common equity capital of 2.50% of risk weight assets making the total common equity capital standard to 7% in case banks fail to maintain the buffer capital range, they have to face the restrictions on their discretionary distributions. 4. ^mJ ^m§S>dcmMr {H$_mZ Amdí`H$ _`m©Xm Amocm§S>Umè`m ~±H$m§Mo dJuH$aU : Á`m ~±H$m§Mo gd©gmYmaU ^mJ ^m§S>dc eyÝ` Vo 2.5 Q>ŠHo$ À`m _`m©XoV AgVo. Ë`m ~±H$m§Mo dJuH$aU H$aÊ`mV `oVo. Counter Cyclical Buffer :- Counter by Cyclical buffer is restricted within a range of 0 to 2.50% which includes common equity capital in case the regulators are of a view that credit growth is at unacceptable level.

baosala krar 3 Basel Accord-III ñV§^-1 Pillar - 1 :- (Am) Omo{I_ H$_r H$aUo Risk coverage:- à{V^y{VH$aU : Jw§VmJw§VrÀ`m amoIo ì`dhmam_Ü`o ^mJ ^m§S>dcmMo _O~wVrH$aU H$aUo `mgmR>r ~±H$m§Zm gImoc nV YmoaUmMo ~mh` g§ñWm§H$Sy>Z nV XOm©Mo à_mUrH$aU H$ê$Z ¿`mdo cmJVo. Securitisations :- It has long term benefit & banks have to obtain rating from external agencies by securitization portfolio. 2. ì`mnmamgmR>r ^m§S>dcr n`m©áVoMo à_mU OmñV Agmdo : nwadcoë`m ^m§S>dcmnmoQ>r Ama§^ VmU _yë`m AmYmarV OmoIr_ ì`dñWm gwê$ Ho$cog ^{dî`mVrc Omo{I_ H$_r hmoÊ`mg _XV hmoB©c. Trading book :- Banks have to maintain higher level of capital for trading and derivative activities.

baosala krar 3 Basel Accord-III ñV§^-1 Pillar - 1 :- (Am) Omo{I_ H$_r H$aUo :- 3. à{Vnjm~m~V nV Omo{I_ : à{VnjmH$Sy>Z nV Omo{I_ H$aÊ`mgmR>r nyT>rc ~m~tMm {dMma H$aÊ`mV `oVmo. (A) à{Vnjmcm XoÊ`mV `oUmè`m H$Om©Mr _`m©Xm dmT>{dUo. (~) H$m§hr R>amdrH$ ì`dhmam_Ü`o ~±H$m§Zm ^mJ ^m§S>dcmV gyQ> XoUo. (H$) g§ñWm§Zm {Xcoë`m H$Om©gmR>r ^m§S>dcmMr Amdí`H$Vm A{YH$ Agcr nm{hOo. Counterparty Credit Risk :- The strengthen the framework policies are adopted like more stringent requirements for measuring exposure capital incentive provided to a bank and higher capital norms for banks having sizeable exposure for inter financial sector exposure. 4. _Ü`dVu g_moarc nj : _Ü`dVu g_moarc nmÌ njmdarc nV _`m©Xoda 2 Q>ŠHo$ Omo{I_ ^ma am{hc. na§Vw WH$~mH$s AgUm-`m njmg 2 Q>ŠHo$À`m nyT>rc OmoIr_ ^ma am{hc. Bank exposure to central counterparties (CCPS) :- in respect of trade exposures to a qualifying CCPS while have 2% rise weight, and default fund exposure will be capitalized according to risk based method. (B) g_mocrH$aU :- drZm OmoIr_ g_Vmoc à_mUmMo {~Ja Vmi|~§XmVrc _`m©Xm R>a{dÊ`mMm {dMma Ho$cocm Amho. `Containing Leverage :- Basel - III has suggested containing leverage for banking supervision. Here a non - risk based leverage ratio that includes off - balance sheet exposures will serve as a backstop to the risk based capital requirement. It also helps contain system wide build up of leverage.

baosala krar 3 Basel Accord-III ñV§^ - 2 Pillar - 2 Omo{I_ ì`dñWmnZ Am{U n`©dojU : `m A§VJ©V Imcrc ~m~tMm g_mdoe Ho$cocm Amho. (A) gj_ d {dñV¥V YmoaU (~) Omo{I_ ì`dñWmnZ (H$) {~Ja Vmio~§X nV _`m©Xm {dMmamV KoUo d amoIo ì`dhmam~m~V Omo{I_ ì`dñWmnZ H$aUo. (S>) OmoIr_ ì`dñWmnZmMo H|$X«rH$aU H$aUo. (B) ~±H$m§Zm OmoIr_ ì`dñWmnZm ~m~V àmoËgmhZ XoUo d XrK© H$mimV Mm§Jcm naVmdm {_iUog _mJ©Xe©Z H$aUo. (B©) ZwH$gmZ ^anmB© d VmU , _yë`m§H$Z nX²YVr B. ~m~r AmMaUmV AmUZo. (\$) R>adyZ {Xcoë`m à_mUmZwgma ~±H$m§Mo {hemo~ R>odUo. (g) {Z`{_VnUo n`©dojU H$aVm `oÊ`mgmR>r n`©dojU g§ñWm§Mr ñWmnZm H$aUo. Risk Management and supervision - Supplemental Pillar-2 requirements :- It addresses issues like risk management capturing the risk of off balance sheet exposures and securitizations activities. It also covers issues like concentration of risks giving incentives to banks for better managing of risks, returns and long term investments, good compensator practices, good according standards for financial instruments, corporate governance etc.

baosala krar 3 Basel Accord-III ñV§^ - 3 Pillar - 3 ~mOma {eñV : `mA§VJ©V Imcrc Jmoï>tMm g_mdoe H$aÊ`mV Amcm Amho. (A) amoIo ì`dhmamer {ZJS>rV nV _`m©Xm R>a{dUo (~) {~Ja Vmi|~§XmVrc KQ>H$ {ZpíMV H$aUo. (H$) ^mJ ^m§S>dcm~m~V A{YH$ _m{hVr CncãY H$aUo. (S>) ~±Ho$À`m ^mJ ^m§S>dcmÀ`m {hemo~ _m§S>Ur ~m~V {Z`_mdcrMo nmcZ H$aUo. A) Market Discipline :- Revised Pillar-3 disclosure requirement it related to exposure under securitization & sponsorship of off balance sheet vehicles. However, further details on the compo cub of regulatory capital and their balancing to the reported accounts will be necessary. B) Liquidity :- Basal - III, A committee on Banking supervision reforms has focused on Global liquidity standard supervisory monitoring. It covers liquidity coverage ratio, net stable funding ratio, principles for sound liquidity, risk management and supervision and supervisory monitoring.