Review Questions Why did the Sepoys fight back against the British? What was an important consequence of the Sepoy Mutiny?

#6 - AIM: What happened at Amritsar?

What caused Indian Nationalism to grow? (30.4) WWI [1914-1918]: GB needs troops: 1 Million Indians enlist promised reforms that would lead to independence & self government After war – no reforms – no independence!!!

Violence and Protest VIOLENCE & PROTEST - against the Brits Rowlatt Acts: laws to jail any protestor without a trial for as long as two years!

Sikhism Holiest Place – The Golden Temple of Amritsar was the site of a siege in 1984 that left 1,000 dead.

The Amritsar Massacre [1919] 10,000 Hindus flock Amritsar to protest the arrest of two protesters. Intended to fast, pray & listen to political speeches British soldiers fire at contained unarmed crowd GB report: 400 Indians killed / Indian Report: over 1,000 killed

April 13, 1919 – Amritsar Ten thousand gathered in a walled garden, Jallianwala Bagh, to protest the extension of WWI detention and deportation laws. The British acknowledged killing 379 people and wounding 1,100 more. India National Congress representatives said more than 1,000 died.

Result Millions of Indians go from loyal subjects to Nationalists – want independence Indian National Congress formed in 1885 see a huge increase in members.

India’s Move for Independence Amritsar sets stage for a LEADER…. Mohandas Gandhi Teachings blend all religions Became known as “Mahatma” - “Great Soul” Convinces the National Congress to follow a policy of noncooperation.

Protest – Civil Disobedience Deliberate & Public Refusal to obey an unjust law; always nonviolent ex. MLK, Nelson Mandella in So. Africa

“If we lived by the principle of an eye for an eye, the whole world would be blind”

Examples of Non-cooperation Boycotts: refuse to buy British Goods, Gandhi actually starts to weave his own cotton. Refuse to attend government schools, pay taxes, vote in elections, ride railroad 1 day work stoppage – strike

Results British economy suffered greatly – factories Jails were over crowded

Review Questions 1. What two religious groups held the largest following in India ? 2. What two groups did they form to fight for Indian independence ? 3. British Massacre of Indians 1914 4. Term which means you advocate the overthrow of your government 5. Law which made protesting Britain illegal

Cooperative Quiz 6. Responsible for the Massacre of 400 Indians 7. Two groups wanted Independent India 8. What did the British promise Indians for fighting in WWI ? 9. An eye for an eye would do this to the world, according to Gandhi: 10. Gandhi & followers marched _ miles to make salt

Cooperative Quiz 11. What was a symbol of Indian independence ? 12. Term to describe dividing India : 13.After gaining Independence India & Pakistan fought over this area 14. How many were killed in an attempt to get to their respective country ? 15. 1st leader in independent India

Gandhi Quote “If we lived by the principle of an eye for an eye, the whole world would be blind”