CIVICS UNIT 2 REVIEW

U.S. House Members 25 years old American citizen for 7 years Resident of state to represent Reside in district to be represented

U.S. Senate Members 30 years old American citizen for 9 years Live in state from which elected

President Born a U.S. citizen 35 years old Resident of U.S. for at least 14 years

Supreme Court Members Original and appellate jurisdiction No Constitutional requirements Appointed by President Approved by Senate

Declaration of Independence Father- Thomas Jefferson Main Idea- Freedom

Weaknesses of Articles of Confederation Congress had no power to tax Had to borrow from states No power to regulate trade No enforcement (9 out of 13 states) Unchangeable without all 13 states

New Jersey Plan Unicameral Congress with States equally represented Federal Executive of more than one person

Virginia Plan 3 separate branches of government Bicameral Legislature Representation based off population or money given to central government

Connecticut/Great Compromise Congress made of 2 houses Senate=States represented equally House=Represented by population

3/5 Compromise All free people counted toward population of state 3/5 of all other people counted towards population Southerners would still pay for slaves (Taxes)

Federalists Favored ratification of the Constitution Stressed weaknesses of Articles

Federalist Papers Brought about by New York’s battle over ratification 85 essays supporting the Constitution Put together in book form Writers: Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay

Anti-Federalists Opposed ratification of Constitution Attacked all parts of Constitution

Preamble Short introduction States purpose of the constitution

Articles Article I- Legislative Branch Article II- Executive Branch Article III- Judicial Branch Article IV- Relations among states Article V- Amending Article VI- Debts, supremacy of national law and oaths of office Article VII- Ratifying

Legislative Checks and Balances Override veto with 2/3 vote…remove president through impeachment..Senate approves treaties and appointments Creates courts…removes judges….accepts or rejects appointments of judges

Executive Checks and Balances Appoint Supreme Court justices and other federal judges Veto legislation

Judicial Checks and Balances Declare executive action unconstitutional Declare acts of Congress unconstitutional

Limited Government Government is not all powerful..only has power people give it Government must obey the law

Amendments 1st- Freedom of speech, religion, assembly and press 4th-Protection from unlawful searches and seizures 6th- Right to a speedy and fair trial by peers 8th-Protection from unreasonable bail and punishment

Amendments 13th-Forbids slavery in U.S. and any area under its control 15th- Forbids discrimination in the right to vote 16th-Right to levy income taxes without regard to population of state 17th- Allowed for election of senators by voters in each state

Amendments 18th- Prohibition 19th- No discrimination of sex in right to vote 21st- Repeal Prohibtion 22nd- Limits presidential term to 2 26th- Minimum voting age of 18

U.S. House and Impeachment Power to accuse or bring charges against civil officers

U.S. Senate and Impeachment Conducts trials Convict by 2/3 vote

U.S. Supreme Court and Impeachment Chief Justice presides over trial if President is on trial