Physical Science Matter and Energy – Day 5 Materials Needed: Writing Utensil Notebook Folder

Bell work: What is a phase change? What are six common phase changes? Day 5 Bell work: What is a phase change? What are six common phase changes? Agenda: Notes on phase changes PhET demo Finish Foldable States of Matter Simulation Activity

Q: Samples of air, oil, and wax are all at room temperature Q: Samples of air, oil, and wax are all at room temperature. Which sample has particles with the MOST movement? air oil wax all have equal motion SC12.2.1.c DOK.1

Mathematics Booster The ratio of cubes to spheres in a geometry box is 12 to 7. If there are 156 cubes in the geometry box, how many spheres are there?

Greek/Latin Greek/Latin Meaning Paragraph sci- know nota mark, note, sign centi- one hundred milli- a thousand thesis put, place; a proposition

Objectives I will know the six phase changes. I will be able to explain how energy and motion of molecules change during phase changes.

A: Samples of air, oil, and wax are all at room temperature A: Samples of air, oil, and wax are all at room temperature. Which sample has particles with the most movement? air – Correct. Gases have more particle motion than liquids or solids oil– Incorrect. Oil is a liquid at room temperature. Liquids have less particle motion than gases. wax – Incorrect. Wax is a solid at room temperature. Solids have less particle motion. all have equal motion – Incorrect. Gases have more particle motion than the other states of matter. SC12.2.1.c DOK.1

Bell Work Answer A phase change is the reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another. Melting, freezing, vaporization, condensation, sublimation, and deposition are six common phase changes.

Mathematics Booster Answer 12x = 1092 12 12 X = 91 spheres 12 = 156 7 x 12x = 156 * 7 12x = 1092

Charactaristics of Phase Changes This diagram lists six physical changes that can occur among the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases of a substance. Each arrow in the diagram represents a different phase change. All phase changes share certain characteristics related to energy and temperature.

Phase Changes of Solids Melting Sublimation Melting is the change of state from a solid to a liquid. Adding Energy When a solid is at its melting point, any energy added to it is used to overcome the attractions that hold the particles in place. Sublimation is the change of state in which a solid changes directly into a gas. Adding Energy Some solids can go straight from a solid to a gas when the molecules gain energy.

Phase Changes of Liquids Freezing Vaporization Vaporization is the change of a substance from a liquid to a gas. Evaporation when vaporization occurs from the surface of the liquid. Boiling is when vaporization happens throughout the liquid. The change of state from a liquid to a solid is called freezing. Removing Energy Removing energy will cause the particles in a liquid to begin locking into place. Link to Greek roots by explaining that evaporation has the prefix “e,” meaning “out of.” Evaporation is when gas molecules come out of the surface of the liquid.

Phase Changes of Gases Condensation Deposition Condensation is the change of state from a gas to a liquid. Removing energy will cause the particles of a gas to begin to come together as a liquid. Deposition is when a gas changes directly to a solid. Removing energy will cause the particles of the gas to attach to each other as a solid. Explain that gas particles “deposit” themselves on the solid.

PhET Demo PHASE CHANGES http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/states-of- matter Click on the “PHASE CHANGES” TAB Select a substance, add heat to the substance and let the students observe the change in energy. Switch substances, have the students determine when the substance changes from SOLID to LIQUID to GAS.

Phase Changes When heat is added, what did you notice about the particles? When the heat was removed, what did you notice about the particles?

Foldable Directions Inside Bottom Diagram of solid on a molecular level (Inside Bottom) Diagram of liquid on a molecular level Diagram of gas The students should name the phase changes and draw molecular models to illustrate how molecules change from one state to another.

Back Cover Have the students draw this diagram on the back cover.

States of Matter Simulation Watch the simulation and write down your observations. Students can either complete the worksheet or write down their observations in their notebooks.

Wrap Up What happens to a substance’s temperature and a system’s energy during a phase change?

Homework Finish Foldable if not completed in class Finish States of Matter Simulation Activity if not finished in class Greek/Latin paragraph

Exit Slip What happens to a substance’s temperature and a system’s energy during a phase change?