Muscle Tissue and Gross Anatomy of Muscles Lab exercise 5: activity 3, page 42 Lab exercise 11: activities 1, 4 Lab exercise 12 p. 123-124

Objectives Distinguish the three types of muscle tissue in terms of structure, location and function Find and identify these muscle tissue types on both slides and in pictures Interpret the names of skeletal muscles (p. 123-124) Review the microscopic anatomy of a skeletal muscle cell as shown in Figure 11.1 Locate and identify the major muscles of the body on models as listed in Exercise 12 and in the muscle list Know origin and insertions for some major muscles as listed on list Demonstrate the action of each muscle as it is studied

Microscopic Anatomy

Skeletal Muscle

Microscopic Skeletal Muscle Anatomy

Cardiac Muscle Intercalated disc

Smooth Muscle

Neuromuscular Junction

Classification of Skeletal Muscles Direction of fibers-rectus, transverse, oblique Relative size of muscle-maximus, minimus, longus, brevis Location of muscle-temporalis, femoris Number of origins-biceps, triceps, quadriceps Location of origin/insertion-sternocleidomastoid Shape of muscle-deltoid, trapezius Action of muscle-adductor

Types of Muscles Prime Mover (agonist)-main muscle responsible for movement Antagonist-reverse motion of prime mover Synergist-aids prime mover Fixators-immobilize origin of prime mover

Gross Anatomy Muscles that are used in breathing external intercostals internal intercostals diaphragm

Muscles that move the scapula trapezius serratus anterior pectoralis minor

Muscles that move the arm latissimus dorsi pectoralis major deltoid teres major

Rotator cuff muscles subscapularis infraspinatus supraspinatus teres minor

Muscles that compress the abdomen external obliques internal obliques transversus abdominis rectus abdominis

Muscles of head and neck sternocleidomastoid Muscles of facial expressions epicranius, frontal belly orbicularis oculi orbicularis oris Muscles of chewing masseter buccinator

Muscles of the upper limb Flexors biceps brachii** origin: short head=coracoid process long head=supraglenoid tubercle insertion: radial tuberosity brachialis flexor digitorum superficialis

Extensors of arm triceps brachii** origin: long head=infraglenoid tubercle lateral head=posterior humerus medial head=posterior humerus distal to radial groove insertion: olecranon extensor digitorum extensor carpi ulnaris pronator teres supinator

Muscles of the lower limb anterior thigh region iliopsoas tensor fasciae latae sartorius

Extensors of leg - quadriceps rectus femoris** origin: anterior inferior iliac spine and superior margin of acetabulum insertion: tibial tuberosity vastus lateralis vastua intermedius vastus medialis

Medial thigh region - adductors gracilis adductor magnus adductor longus

Posterior thigh & gluteal region gluteus maximus gluteus medius

Flexors of leg (hamstrings) biceps femoris** origin: long head=ischial tuberosity short head=linea aspera insertion: fibular head and lateral condyle of tibia semitendinosus semimembranosus

Lower leg gastrocnemius** origin: medial and lateral condyles if femur insertion: calcaneus (calcaneal tendon) extensor digitorum longus peroneus longus/fibularis longus peroneus brevis/fibularis brevis tibialis anterior

For review complete the following: Exercise 11 p. 126-127 #5-8 Exercise 12 p. 143-147 #1-7 All Mastering A&P assignments (#7-11) due on Saturday before exam at 9:59 p.m.