Warm-Up Balance the following equations When sulfur trioxide gas reacts with water, a solution of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is formed 2) Copper metal reacts with hot concentrated sulfuric acid(H2SO4) solution to form aqueous copper (II) sulfate, and sulfur dioxide gas and water C6H6 + O2  CO2 + H2O

Practice Boron sulfide reacts violently with water to form dissolved boric acid (H3BO3) and hydrogen sulfide gas. When liquid phosphorus trichloride is added to water, it reacts to form aqueous phosphorous acid (H3PO3) and aqueous hydrochloric acid (HCl).

Practice Writing Skeleton Equations Solid Carbon reacts with Chlorine gas to form solid Carbon Tetrachloride Solid Magnesium metal reacts with solid Zinc Carbonate to form solid Magnesium Carbonate and solid Zinc metal Begin 3rd 1/24/01

Write and balance the following equations When Isopropanol Alcohol (C3H8O) is burned in excess oxygen it produces carbon dioxide and water. When aqueous sodium hydroxide reacts with sulfuric acid (H2SO4), aqueous sodium sulfate and water are produced. 4

Write out the Skeleton Equation and balance Gaseous hydrogen reacts with gaseous chlorine to form aqueous hydrogen chloride Carbon monoxide gas reacts with gaseous oxygen to form solid carbon dioxide

There are five general types of reactions: Synthesis Decomposition Single Displacement Double Displacement Combustion

Synthesis reactions are also called combination reactions A synthesis reaction occurs when two substances combine to form a new compound Begin 5th 1-10-01

Synthesis Reaction Continued The general form of a synthesis reaction is: A + B  AB Substance “AB” is the only substance formed Begin 4th 1/25/02

Examples of Synthesis Reactions 2 Mg (s) + O2 (g)  2 MgO (s) Fe (s) + Cl2 (g)  FeCl2 (s) U (s) + 3 F2 (g)  UF6 (g)

Practice Write the synthesis reaction for the following The synthesis of KCl The synthesis of barium fluoride

2) Decomposition Reaction In decomposition reactions, one substance breaks down (decomposes) into two or more simpler substances Begin 1st 1-10-01

Decomposition Reactions Cont. General Form of Decomposition Reaction (Binary): AB  A + B

Examples of Decomposition Reactions 2 HgO (s)  2 Hg (l) + O2 (g) Ca(OH)2  CaO (s) + H2O (g) H2SO4 (aq)  SO3 (g) + H2O (l)

2. The decomposition of Aluminum Oxide 1. The decomposition of ammonia (NH3) 2. The decomposition of Aluminum Oxide 3. The decomposition Iron (III) Chloride 14

Name/ Write the following compounds: Fe2O3 N2O5 Lithium Chloride Warm-Up Name/ Write the following compounds: Fe2O3 N2O5 Lithium Chloride Copper (I) Sulfate • tetrahydrate SF6 Phosphorous Acid HF(aq) Dinitrogen pentafluoride

Write Correct Balance Equations The decomposition of magnesium oxide The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into oxygen and water The decomposition of Mg(OH)2 into magnesium oxide and water The decomposition of NaHCO3 Begin 3rd 1-10-2001

Write Correct Balance Chemical Equations for the following reactions 1. The synthesis of barium fluoride 2. The decomposition of NaOH 3. The decomposition of CaCO3 Begin 3rd 1-10-2001

3) Single Replacement Reaction In a single replacement reaction (also called a displacement reaction), an element reacts with a compound A + BC  AC + B

Examples of Single Replacement Reactions Mg + Zn(NO3)2  Mg(NO3)2 + Zn Mg + 2 AgNO3  Mg(NO3)2 (aq) + 2 Ag

Rules for Single Replacement Reactions NOT ALL single replacement reactions occur You can determine if a reaction will occur by knowing the activity series of metals or the activity series of Halogens (See Reference Guide) Begin 3rd 1/28/02

Rules for Single Replacement The activity series tell you if one metal can replace another metal in a reaction The Activity Series is ordered Any metal that is above another metal in the activity series WILL REPLACE the less reactive metal 1-11-2001 Begin 3rd

Activity Series Li K Ca Na Mg Al Zn Fe Pb H Cu Hg Ag

Predict if the following reactions will occur 1. Li + PbSO4 2. Mg + LiNO3 3. Na + AgCl

Write balanced equations for the following reactions 4. Li + NaCl  5. Au + Fe2O3  6. Fe + ZnO  7. Br2 + MgI2 

Write and Balance the following equations: 1) The decomposition of Iron (III) Chlorate 2) Li2CO3  3) Li + BaS  4) Ag + SrSO4 

4) Double Displacement Reactions In a double displacement reaction, two compounds react The compounds swap elements with each other The General Formula AB + CD  AD + CB Begin 4th, 1/29/02

Double Displacement Cont Compounds contain a positive and negative part In a double displacement, the positive parts swap places with each other as do the negative parts

ZnBr2 + 2 AgNO3  Zn(NO3)2 + 2 AgBr Examples PbCl2 + Li2SO4  PbSO4 + 2 LiCl ZnBr2 + 2 AgNO3  Zn(NO3)2 + 2 AgBr

Predict the Products of the following reactions and balance BaCl2 (aq) + KClO3 (aq)  A B C D A D C B HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq)  RbBr (aq) + AgCl (aq)  Begin 3rd 1-12-01, 7th

Predict the Products of the following reactions and balance AgNO3 + NaCl  NaCl + H2SO4  FeS + HCl KOH + H2SO4 