Migration AC = (B + I) – (D + E) The population of COUNTRY “B” increased by 59 500 people in 2006

Migration AC = (B + I) – (D + E) The population of COUNTRY “C” decreased by 48 900 people in 2006

Migration AC = (B + I) – (D + E) AC = (28 121 300 + 208 000) – ( 9 687 000 + 49 000) AC = (28 329 300) – (9 736 000) AC = 18 593 300 The population of COUNTRY “D” increased by 18 593 300 people in 2006

Migration AC = (B + I) – (D + E) The population of COUNTRY “E” increased by 66 600 people in 2006

Migration AC = (B + I) – (D + E) AC = (225 000 + 122 400) – ( 242 500 + 245 000) AC = (347 400) – (487 500) AC = -140 100 The population of COUNTRY “F” decreased by 140 100 people in 2006

Push Factors Disadvantageous factors in the home country that make a person want to leave! Lack of personal safety as a result of wars, genocide, human rights abuses.

Push Factors Disadvantageous factors in the home country that make a person want to leave! Lack of personal safety as a result of wars, genocide, human rights abuses.

Push Factors Disadvantageous factors in the home country that make a person want to leave! Lack of personal safety as a result of wars, genocide, human rights abuses.

Push Factors Disadvantageous factors in the home country that make a person want to leave! Lack of employment opportunities, and/or low wages, poor working conditions etc.

Push Factors Disadvantageous factors in the home country that make a person want to leave! Lack of political freedom. (Lack of democracy or certain groups being excluded from participation in governments)

Push Factors Disadvantageous factors in the home country that make a person want to leave! Experiencing political discrimination and persecution. (Being kept from certain jobs, restricted movement and even imprisonment)

Push Factors Disadvantageous factors in the home country that make a person want to leave! Friends, relatives leaving to live somewhere else.

Push Factors Disadvantageous factors in the home country that make a person want to leave! Due to natural disasters such as droughts (famine), earthquakes, volcanoes, Tsunamis etc.

Push Factors Disadvantageous factors in the home country that make a person want to leave! Lack of educational opportunities. (I.E. women in Afghanistan under Taliban rule. Difficult climatic conditions. (i.e. Cold winters encourage people to migrate to warmer regions during their senior years)

How the Decision to Migrate is Made.

 There are push factors (shown by +), which may encourage people to move from an area of origin. Pull factors (also shown by +) tend to attract people to a certain destination. There may be disadvantages (shown by --), which may repel people from moving such as the need to leave friends behind in country A and to adjust to a new language in country B. The journey itself may pose some obstacles (e.g. cost and distance of travel). Other aspects of life (shown by 0) neither attract nor repel.

Pull Factors Advantageous factors in the receiving country that draw a person there. Economic opportunity. Jobs, higher pay, better working conditions etc. Peaceful country. Low crime rate, no warfare etc. A multi-cultural country. People of many different ethnic backgrounds. Friends and relatives in the country.

Pull Factors Advantageous factors in the receiving country that draw a person there. Political freedoms. All people free to participate equally in the governing of a country. Geography and climate similar to your home country. A “better” climate than your home country. Better government support for families in the receiving country.

Global Migration Patterns Given the difference in the economic conditions of these countries do you see any patterns in the flow of immigrants to these countries. (i.e. distance, developed/less-developed) Migration tends to occur mainly from less-developed countries to more developed countries Migration to developed countries tends to be over longer distances. Migration from less-developed countries to other less-developed countries tends to be over shorter distances.

Canada’s Immigration Policy 2. A. Three classes of immigrants to Canada. Family Class Refugee Class Independent Class

Family Class Have a close relative living in Canada who has agreed to be a sponsor.

Refugee Class Have been forced to leave their home country for political or cultural reasons.

Independent Class Have skills and ambitions that will enable them to make economic contributions to Canada.

Which class brings the largest number to Canada each year?

Family Class Relationships You can sponsor relatives or family members from abroad if they are: spouses, common-law or conjugal partners 16 years of age or older; parents and grandparents; dependent children, including adopted children; children under 18 years of age whom you intend to adopt; brothers, sisters, nephews, nieces or grandchildren who are orphans; under the age of 18 and not married or in a common-law relationship; or you may also sponsor one relative of any age if you do not have an aunt, uncle or family member from the list above who you could sponsor or who is already a Canadian citizen, Indian or permanent resident.

Independent Class Factors Education Vocational Preparation Experience Occupation Arranged employment Demographic factor Age Knowledge of French or English Personal suitability Bonus for assisted relative Bonus for being self-employed

Majority of Canadian Immigrants 1961-1971 Europe = 69%

Majority of Immigrants 1981-1991 Asia = 48%

C. Why did this change occur? There was a major change in Canada’s immigration policy during the late 1960’s which removed the more discriminatory aspects of the policy.

Immigration is GOOD for Canada! It uplifts the economy. (Immigrants are creative, skilled, and hardworking)

Immigration is GOOD for Canada!                                                                                                                                                                              

Immigration is GOOD for Canada! The majority of immigrants come to Canada when they are young. Hence they pay taxes for a long period of time, which helps to supports Canada’s social programs

Immigration is GOOD for Canada! It creates cultural diversity making Canada a more interesting place to live

Immigration is BAD for Canada! Immigrants take jobs away from Canadians, adding to the number of Canadians who are poor and on welfare.

Immigration is BAD for Canada! Immigration increases the chances of ethnic and cultural conflicts in Canada

Questions surrounding a countries immigration policy Is it right that REFUGEES are NOT subjected to the points system? Why? What is your position on the following statement? “Canada should take an open-door approach to immigration – it should accept all applicants with no restrictions”