HIV-1 drug resistance in antiretroviral-naive individuals in sub-Saharan Africa after rollout of antiretroviral therapy: a multicentre observational study  Dr Raph L Hamers, MD, Carole L Wallis, PhD, Cissy Kityo, MD, Margaret Siwale, MRCP, Kishor Mandaliya, MBChB, Francesca Conradie, MD, Mariette E Botes, MD, Maureen Wellington, MBChB, Prof Akin Osibogun, MD, Kim C E Sigaloff, MD, Immaculate Nankya, PhD, Rob Schuurman, PhD, Ferdinand W Wit, MD, Prof Wendy S Stevens, MMed, Michèle van Vugt, MD, Prof Tobias F Rinke de Wit, PhD  The Lancet Infectious Diseases  Volume 11, Issue 10, Pages 750-759 (October 2011) DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70149-9 Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Study profile The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2011 11, 750-759DOI: (10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70149-9) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Prevalence of HIV-1 primary drug-resistance in antiretroviral-naive individuals in the PASER-M cohort by region and drug class People with at least one drug-resistance mutation shown as proportion of all people by region and drug class. Regions are clustered by country and sorted by descending calendar year of roll-out of antiretroviral therapy. NRTI=nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. TAM=thymidine analogue mutation. NNRTI=non-NRTI. PI=protease inhibitor. *Multiclass is resistance to at least two drug classes. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2011 11, 750-759DOI: (10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70149-9) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions