Passive Voice Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Passive Voice We use the passive: To avoid mentioning the doer The accounts have now been prepared To emphasise the doer with a ‘by’ phrase The figures have been prepared by our new accountant Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Passive Voice In process descriptions At the final stage, the finished products are packed into boxes In impersonal language Hard hats must be worn on building site at all times Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

To be + past participle (verb 3) Passive Voice To be + past participle (verb 3) Example: Active : Mary helps me. (Mary menolong saya) Passive : I am helped by Mary. (Saya ditolong Mary) Verb that can be changed into passive voice is transitive verb (need object) Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Present passive voice Simple present Active : Do/does + Verb-1 Passive : Is/am/are + verb 3 Present continuous tense Active : Is/am/are + verb-ing Passive : Is/am/are + being +verb 3 Present perfect tense Active : Have/has + verb 3 Passive : Have/has + been + verb 3 30/11/2013 Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM

SIMPLE PRESENT I speak English every day. (Aktif) English is spoken by me every day. (Pasif) Do you speak English every day? (Aktif) Is English spoken by you every day? (Pasif) Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

SIMPLE PRESENT cont. Who speaks English every day? (Aktif) Who is English spoken by every day? (Pasif) What do you speak every day? (Aktif) What is spoken by you every day? (Pasif) When do you speak English? (Aktif) When is English spoken by you? (Pasif) Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Present Continuous She is reading a novel. (Aktif) A novel is being read by her. (Pasif) Who is reading a novel? (Aktif) Who is a novel being read by? (Pasif) What is she reading? (Aktif) What is being read by her? (Pasif) Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Present Continous Contd. Ali is singing a song/ (Aktif) A song is being sung by Ali. (Pasif) Who is singing a song? (Aktif) Who is song being sung by? (Pasif) What is she singing? (Aktif) What is being sung by her? (Pasif)   Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Present Perfect Tense Sabila has studied English. (Aktif) English has been studied by Sabila. (Pasif) Has Sabila studied English? (Aktif) Has English been studied by Sabila? (Pasif) What has Sabila studied? (Aktif) What has been studied by Sabila? (Pasif) Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Present Perfect Tense Contd. We have written a novel. (Aktif) A novel has been written by us. (Pasif) Have we written a novel? (Aktif) Has a novel been written by us? (Pasif) What have we written? (Aktif) What has been written by us? (Pasif) Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

PAST PASSIVE VOICE Simple Past Tense Active : Did + verb 2 Passive : Was/were + verb 3 Past Continuous Tense Active : Was/were + verb-ing Passive : Was/were + being + verb 3 Past Perfect Tense Active : Had + verb 3 Passive : Had + been + verb 3 Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Simple Past Tense Sabila studied English. (Aktif) English was studied by Sabila. (Pasif) Did Sabila study English? (Aktif) Was English studied by Sabila? (Pasif) What did Sabila study? (Aktif) What was studied by Sabila? (Pasif) Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Simple Past Tense Contd. We wrote a novel. (Aktif) A novel was written by us. (Pasif) Did we write a novel? (Aktif) Was a novel written by us? (Pasif) What did we write? (Aktif) What was written by us? (Pasif) Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Past Continuous Tense Sabila was studying English. (Aktif) English was being studied by Sabila. (Pasif) Was sabila studying English? (Aktif) Was English being studied by Sabila? (Pasif) What was Sabila studying? (Aktif) What was being studied by Sabila? (Pasif) Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Past Continous Tense Contd. We were writing a novel. (Aktif) A novel was being written by us (Pasif) Were we writing a novel? (Aktif) Was a novel being written by us? (Pasif) What were we writing? (Aktif) What was being written by us? (Pasif) Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Past Perfect Tense Sabila had studied English. (Aktif) English had been studied by sabila. (Pasif) Had Sabila studied English? (Aktif) Had English been studied by Sabila? (Pasif) What had Sabila studied? (Aktif) What had been studied by Sabila? (Pasif) Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Past Perfect Tense Contd. We had written a novel. (Aktif) A novel had been written by us. (Pasif) Had we written a novel? (Aktif) Had a novel been written by us? (Pasif) What had we written? (Aktif) What had been written by us? (Pasif) Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Future Passive Voice Simple Future Tense Aktive : Will/shall + verb 1 Passive : Will/shall + be + verb 3 Example:  Haidar will study English. (Aktif) English will be studied by Haidar. (Pasif) Will Haidar study English? (Aktif) Will English be studied by Haidar? (Pasif) Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Simple Future Tense What will Haidar study? (Aktif) What will be studied by Haidar? (Pasif) We will write a novel. (Aktif) A novel will be written by us. (Pasif) Will we write a novel? (Aktif) Will a novel be written by us? (Pasif) What will we write? (Aktif) What will be written by us? (Pasif) Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Modal auxilary passive voice ACTIVE PASSIVE Can - could May - might Will - would Must – had to Shall – should Ought to + Verb 1 be + Verb 3 Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Haidar can speak English. (Aktif) Example: Haidar can speak English. (Aktif) English can be spoken by Haidar. (Pasif) Who can speak English? (Aktif) Who can English be spoken by? (Pasif) What can Haidar speak? (Aktif) What can be spoken by Haidar? (Pasif) Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

EXERCISE: Change into Passive Voice! Ujang plays volleyball every weekend Desi and I are making some cookies now The STIAMI students did the last examination last month The doctor had finished his assignments My mother and my sister will clean the carpet next week They has washed the blue car for one hour A girl was playing a doll two hours ago Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Exercise Change into the Passive Voice! Adi will make a report next Saturday Uthami can speak English fluenty Ipul had sung some dangdut songs for one hour Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013

Exercise Explain about a process you know well using passive voice! Resista Vikaliana, S.Si. MM 30/11/2013