USING HYDROLOGY TO COMPARE A REGIONAL HYDROGEOMORPHIC (HGM) CLASSIFICATION ACROSS A LATITUDINAL GRADIENT OF THE APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS Charles Andrew Cole.

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Presentation transcript:

USING HYDROLOGY TO COMPARE A REGIONAL HYDROGEOMORPHIC (HGM) CLASSIFICATION ACROSS A LATITUDINAL GRADIENT OF THE APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS Charles Andrew Cole - Penn State University Chris Cirmo - SUNY, Cortland Denise Wardrop - Penn State University Robert P. Brooks - Penn State University Jessica Peterson – Penn State University

Riparian Depressions NY PA VA

1997 HGM key for the Ridge and Valley A quick means of identifying HGM subclass A direct way into the assessment of function May or may not work anywhere else along the Appalachian Mountains Objective: Use hydrology to assess HGM key north and south along Appalachian Mountains

Hydrogeomorphology Depression Slope Floodplain Fringing Flats Impoundment

Reference Wetlands Group of natural wetlands w/in a region ‘Pristine’ to disturbed Used to develop range of expected conditions Problems include: Lack of good data Hard to get good data Need landscape component Relationship between functions and values?

Riparian Depression Adjacent to streams Surface outlet with unidirectional flow No water from overbank flooding Soils saturated, rarely flooded Low energy systems PEM, PSS, PFO

Slope On topographic gradient Surface and groundwater Saturated, rarely inundated Low energy systems PEM, PSS, PFO

Headwater floodplain Adjacent to 1st, 2nd order streams Not much overbank flooding. Overland flow, groundwater Saturation. Often dry Low to high energy Frequently PFO, PSS

Hydrology RDS WL40’s and Ecotones

1=PA 2=NY – AD 3=NY – Cat 4=VA Headwater floodplains Slopes Riparian depressions

Median depth (cm) – headwater floodplain PA NY-A NY-C VA (Kruskal Wallis H=5501.1, df=3, p<0.000)

Median depth (cm) – slope PA NY-A NY-C VA (Kruskal Wallis H=20425.21, df = 3,P< 0.001)

Median depth (cm) – riparian depression NY-A NY-C VA (Kruskal Wallis H=2688.20, df=3, p<0.001)

Headwater floodplain Slope Riparian depression

Wet and dry periods – by HGM subclass

And the reason is….

Credit: David Westphalen/Painet Inc.

New York wetlands were substantially impacted by beaver Hard to find any site that was not modified by a beaver Really altered the duration of wet periods (though not dry periods) Reduced fluctuations

We will need to revamp the HGM classification Works well south … other locations depend on beavers?