Establishing Modern China Chapter 24, Section 1 Pages 701 - 705
China’s Last Dynasty Qing dynasty - china’s last and largest empire Chinese population doubled between 1644 and the mid- 1800’s difficult time producing food shortages, famines, and wars brought the empire to an end
The Opium War Qing rulers faced a problem - opium the drug was outlawed British smuggled opium from India Brits used opium to trade with China as opposed to money $ 1st opium war - China lost - Treaty of Nanking Chinese paid the Brits money and handed over Hong Kong
The Rise of Nationalism Taiping Rebellion - angry peasants over the lost war war lasted 14 years 20 million died Boxer Rebellion - 1900 Boxers wanted the Qing dynasty out & foreign interests Boxers lost - government fell into turmoil
A New Republic western educated Chinese wanted democracy Sun Yat-Sen - founded the CNP in 1911 toppled Qing dynasty republic in 1912 communist party began to grow after WW I
The Fight for Control nationalists and communists fight for control communists retreat - the long march - 1934 more than 100,000 communists marched 6,000 miles fleeing the nationalists some improvements occurred gov’t, transportation, education & Industry peasants and workers suffered - turned to mao
Communist Revolution nationalists turned to Mao (communists) for help during WW II united in their fight against the Japanese 1949 - communists seize control Shek & nationalists flee to Taiwan October 1, 1949 - PRC
Reform & Revolution Mao had absolute power seized land from the wealthy and gave it to the poor industry came under gov’t control collective farms were created - people working together 1958 Great Leap Forward - “big step backwards” a total disaster - shattered economy
The Cultural Revolution mao felt he was losing power and people wanted capitalism launched the cultural revolution in 1966 opposition was removed the red guard punished people who spoke against the communist party the country fell into disarray... what’s next?
The Cultural Revolution 1966 - 1976 Propaganda