The evolution of International System Society Sohaeng, Seo

1. How has globalization eroded sovereign statehood 1. How has globalization eroded sovereign statehood? That is, discuss the ways in which globalization has affected the Westphalian international system- the one based on states’ sovereignty. 2. Why does the state persist in the contemporary era of globalization?

Contents Definition of Globalization, state-sovereignty Correlation of Globalization, state-sovereignty How has globalization eroded state-sovereignty why does state persist in globalized world?

Globalization State Sovereignty Contemporary Era Globalization State Sovereignty Legal equality between states (independent right) Non intervention of one state’s internal affair interconnectedness among people beyond “State” the process of increasing interconnectedness between societies such that events in one part of the world more and more have effect on peoples and societies far away

the Peace of Westphalia (1648) Supranational Empire ( Holy Roman Empire)  Individual State Division

French Revolution (1789) National self-determination : the concept of “ Nation” Nation means people defined by linguistic, ethnic and cultural bonds Democracy ( struggle right of the public over empire, everyone is equal and free) combined with “ Nationalism” How to make people gather together - that’s based on “nationalism sentiment” Every human being is equal and free within one nationalist state Naturally it makes them insist their independent right as one nation in international relations.-> nationalist-state sovereignty

European Expansionism Cold War Post Cold War Discovery Colonialism (lots of immigrants beyond state) Cold War Decolonization Supranational Unity based on ideology of Communism Two super power Post Cold War Emerging nationalist state Insistence of State-sovereignty (Europe <-> other states) Clash of Civilization Post Cold War (Contemporary Globalization) - different with other stages : clash of civilization On the one hand globalization more contradict against emerging nationalist state, on the other hand economic activity and universal value beyond have been spread out to the world (beyond the state)

Globalization in Contemporary Era Contradict against State-Sovereignty Globalization in Contemporary Era Universal Issue: human right, poverty environment Capitalized society: Economic integration

How has globalization eroded sovereign statehood?

1. Humanitarian Intervention http://www.ajamubaraka.com/syria-and-the-sham-of-humanitarian-intervention/ http://ballandalus.wordpress.com/2013/05/11/humanitarian-intervention-and-the-responsibility-to-protect-williams-chomsky-debate/

2. MNCs Issue Vietnam firms involved in 'illegal land grabs‘ in Cambodia http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-22509425

Why does the state persist in the contemporary era of globalization?

One State, Two Nation Israel Palestine Other states’ recognition Nationalist State Citizenship guaranteed Palestine Nation without state Citizenship Not guaranteed Other states’ recognition

State could persist without nation if other states acknowledge the existence of the “state” People need state to protect their right even when nationalism sentiment no longer exists. Question: Will state become no more different except territorial boundary? Existence of state is obvious even in the globalized era, because people need political unit to protect their right. If nationalism is simply emotional sentiment, some day in the future it will disappear as globalization is getting more and more such differences left in different “culture” disappear by contacting each other. However, if state disappear, people can’t accept it. If there is no privilege as citizens over foreigner, what should be the reason for them to be citizen of the state? Such discrimination would be strong attraction for people to remain as one state’s citizen if nationalist attachment disappear. Boundary to distinguish one political unit with the other is necessary. I simply call state without nation as political unit. But, it is still hard to imagine, Is possibly Japan distinguished with Korea except their national difference based on own tradition, culture and language? For me, sate simply means territorial boundary in the condition of removing nationalist sentiment