Advancing Gender Equality Campaign Issues for Diffusion of Green Energy Technology in Africa   Authors: Wilson Okaka 1, Judith Irene Nagasha 2 Kyambogo University, Kyambogo, Kampala, Uganda 1 Tel: +256 782588846, Email: nupap@yahoo.com 2 Tel: +256 782 321113, Email: judith.nagasha@gmail.com Kyambogo University 13th – 14 th, June, 2017 – Pretoria City (Republic of South Africa) Okaka & Nagasha

13th – 14 th, June, 2017 – Pretoria City (Republic of South Africa) Issues, motivation Public awareness communication campaign provides effective information services for gender equality for empowerment of women in renewable energy use for sustainable development achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs 5, 7) in Africa. Green technologies or renewable energy technologies (RETs) provide multiple social, economic, and environmental benefits, if adopted for various uses in domestic (household), trade & industry, food and agriculture, institution, community, transport& communication, real estates, and government buildings. Biomass energy provide the bulk of energy applications in most Africa constituting up to 80 -90% of household energy use for cooking, heating, or drying, traditionally dominated by women. Too much text distracts your audience and can be difficult to read. Okaka & Nagasha 13th – 14 th, June, 2017 – Pretoria City (Republic of South Africa)

Africa’s RES and RET Sources RES: Animate or muscle power: people & draught animals; Biomass sources: charcoal, fire wood, briquettes/pellets; Solar (sunshine / radiation); Wind / moving air; Water / hydro: river, lake, dam, ocean, sea, water fall, stream Vegetables / plants / peat ; Geothermal / hot steam; Waste / garbage (solid, liquid, gas, electronic, radiation) RET: Wood / biomass stove, wood electro - gasifier, kiln, furnace, pellet-making machine; Solar water heater, PV system, solar cooker, solar system; Turbines (water, gas, steam, wind), propellers, press, plant; Digester / plant (biogas), Okaka & Nagasha 13th – 14 th, June, 2017 – Pretoria City (Republic of South Africa)

13th – 14 th, June, 2017 – Pretoria City (Republic of South Africa) Problem Statement Africa is well endowed with a variety of vast amounts of renewable energy resources which have largely remained untapped or unexploited for its key social, economic, environmental, legal, & political needs or interest due to vital information & knowledge gaps. Africa is afflicted by natural energy resource curse. Most renewable energy technologies, policies, plans, programs, projects, research & development activities are generally less competitive in Africa. Although gender equality is vital, it is still wanting. Say you were discussing the Declaration of Independence and wanted your audience to follow along with you. Okaka & Nagasha 13th – 14 th, June, 2017 – Pretoria City (Republic of South Africa)

13th – 14 th, June, 2017 – Pretoria City (Republic of South Africa) Methods This review was conducted sourcing government documents, current literature, and news bulletins. In this review, we collated published evidence on the importance of women and girls in enhancing the development of green technology applications and the role of behaviour change communication campaigns to promote gender equality practice in tandem with SDG on access to clean energy for all. Additional data were obtained from key informants, UN & other development agencies, & private sector. Wouldn’t it be easier for them if you broke down the text to the most basic points? A simple rule of thumb to follow is writing by the number 6 6 words per bullet item 6 bullets per slide 6 word slides in a row Have each bullet point start with a verb or noun, if verbs use all the same tense, use capitalization Okaka & Nagasha 13th – 14 th, June, 2017 – Pretoria City (Republic of South Africa)

13th – 14 th, June, 2017 – Pretoria City (Republic of South Africa) Results & Discussion 1/2 Renewable energy (RE) is critical for household, institutional, commercial, industrial, and sub-regional energy needs. Awareness and knowledge of prospects of RE resources & innovations, exploitations, research, challenges and benefits of RE technology (RET) is still very limited to public domain. RE sources (RES) are more accessible, clean, sustainable, indigenous, local, marketable, job creators, viable, diverse, researchable, exploitable, suitable for gender parity, & health. South-South-North collaborations, public private partnerships for joint-ventures, innovations, information services, media coverage, gender equality, & policy gaps need to be plugged. The rule of thumb is one method of transition and one type of animation for the whole slideshow. Do not have some text flying in, some spiraling, etc. Move from slide to slide with one transition, rather than trying out several. 13th – 14 th, June, 2017 – Pretoria City (Republic of South Africa) Okaka & Nagasha

13th – 14 th, June, 2017 – Pretoria City (Republic of South Africa) Results & Discussion 2/2 : Social issues to be resolved: illiteracy, poverty, gender inequality and violence against women / girls, illnesses and diseases, food security, water stress, information services including access to internet, cultural violence and related negative cultural practices, game poaching, conflict resolutions and management, adult education, gender equality/equity; Economic issues to tackle: mass income poverty, poor infrastructure, land access, unemployment of youth and women including house wives, poor agriculural practices / low productivity, slow tourism growth, small or medium enterprises (SMEs); trade competitiveness, power supply; Environmental concerns: wild fires, illiteracy, conflicting policies and laws, loss of biodiversity, deforestation, poor waste management, indoor pollution; climate change and variabilty, wetlands and land degradation. Political issues: good governance, zero-tolerance to corruption, rule of law. I can tell that you all aren’t focusing on me but are totally fixed on what is on the screen. If you want to use an effect to add a little animation to your text but keep it simple, use the APPEAR effect, which just makes the text appear and is the easiest for your audience to read. Okaka & Nagasha 13th – 14 th, June, 2017 – Pretoria City (Republic of South Africa)

13th – 14 th, June, 2017 – Pretoria City (Republic of South Africa) Conclusions Exploiting renewable energy is imperative for critical real social, economic, environmental, & political development. Effective communication campaigns based on gender parity will help to and mobilise all the RES / RET stakeholders. The media have a social responsibility to: promote media awareness advocacy campaigns, provide extensive coverage of geothermal energy policy and technology outputs, hold the key national or sub-regional stakeholders to account for the persistent energy crisis amidst abundant endowments in Africa, host talk shows on radio or TV to promote awareness, explain the socio-economic or environment gains, & mainstream green into regular news.   Okaka & Nagasha 13th – 14 th, June, 2017 – Pretoria City (Republic of South Africa) 3

13th – 14 th, June, 2017 – Pretoria City (Republic of South Africa) Acknowledgements Conference convenors, secretariat & special committees led by Saul Levin, Executive Director: TIPS; Ms. Daphney Mabuza, Ms. Rozale Sewduth at TIPS Conference Secretariat Team; All Experts, Researchers, Policy Makers, CSOs, Private Sector, and Development Stakeholders from South Africa and globally; TIPS Annual Forum partners: University of Johannesburg, Green Economy Coalition and South African Department of Trade Industry; Chief guests, sponsors, special guests, plenary speakers; session chairs, media, rapporteurs, & venue staff. Thank You. God bless Africa and the world. Appropriate use of graphs and tables is one way to enhance the message you are delivering. Draw the audience’s attention Kyambogo University Okaka & Nagasha 13th – 14 th, June, 2017 – Pretoria City (Republic of South Africa)