Transcranial sonography findings related to non-motor features of Parkinson's disease  Uwe Walter, David Školoudík, Daniela Berg  Journal of the Neurological Sciences  Volume 289, Issue 1, Pages 123-127 (February 2010) DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2009.08.027 Copyright © 2009 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Transcranial sonography (TCS) findings in PD patients. M C L T 3 and ⁎ = frontal horn of lateral ventricle. In the TCS images of panels B, C and D, the midbrain was encircled for better recognition. A) MRI image showing the axial scanning plane at midbrain level corresponding to the TCS images of the midbrain in panels B, C and D. B) TCS axial transection of midbrain (zoomed image) with normal echogenic size of bilateral substantia nigra (thick arrows) and normal high echogenicity of midbrain raphe (thin arrow). [Bilateral red nuclei: arrow heads]. C) TCS axial transection of midbrain (zoomed image) with bilateral hyperechogenicity of substantia nigra (thick arrows) and normal high echogenicity of midbrain raphe (thin arrow). D) TCS axial transection of midbrain (zoomed image) with bilateral hyperechogenicity of substantia nigra (thick arrows) and reduced echogenicity (hypoechogenicity) of midbrain raphe (thin arrow). E) MRI image showing the axial scanning plane at thalamus level corresponding to the TCS images in panels F and G. F) TCS image with normal low echogenicity of thalami, caudate and lenticular nuclei. G) TCS image showing increased echogenicity of caudate nucleus (arrow). Journal of the Neurological Sciences 2010 289, 123-127DOI: (10.1016/j.jns.2009.08.027) Copyright © 2009 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions