Rube Goldberg Project Basic Elements

Introduction Rube Goldberg was a cartoonist famous for creating diagrams that showed an extremely complicated, complex way to accomplish simple, ordinary tasks. You, too, will follow in the creative footsteps of Mr. Goldberg on the path to simple machine invention.

Task You will design and build a working Rube Goldberg machine, a very complicated machine to perform a simple everyday task.

Process You will design and build a working Rube Goldberg machine, a very complicated machine to perform a simple everyday task.

What you need to know Where force comes from Where energy comes from How energy is stored How energy is transferred

Big Bang Evolution of forces 13.7 billion years ago Grand Unified Force BOOM! Superforce This is where forces come from. Gravity

Big Bang Evolution of forces Weak Nuclear Force Electroweak Force Electromagnetic Force Grand Unified Force Strong Nuclear Force Gravity

Big Bang Evolution of forces Strong bonds within the nucleus Weak Nuclear Force Electricity Magnetism Electromagnetic Force Short range bonding protons and neutrons Strong Nuclear Force You will be using these three in your project. Gravity

Types of Energy Kinetic Energy Potential Energy Mechanical Energy Heat energy Chemical Energy Electrical Energy Gravitational Energy

Kinetic Energy is energy that is in motion Kinetic Energy is energy that is in motion. Moving water and wind are good examples of kinetic energy. Electricity is also kinetic energy because even though you can't see it happen, electricity involves electrons moving in conductors.

Potential Energy is stored energy Potential Energy is stored energy. Examples of potential energy are oil sitting in a barrel, or water in a lake in the mountains. This energy is referred to as potential energy, because if it were released, it would do a lot of work.

Mechanical Energy is the energy of motion that does the work Mechanical Energy is the energy of motion that does the work. An example of mechanical energy is the wind as it turns a windmill.

Heat energy is energy that is pushed into motion by using heat Heat energy is energy that is pushed into motion by using heat. An example is a fire in your fireplace.

Chemical Energy is energy caused by chemical reactions Chemical Energy is energy caused by chemical reactions. A good example of chemical energy is food when it is cooked.

Electrical Energy is when electricity creates motion, light or heat Electrical Energy is when electricity creates motion, light or heat. An example of electrical energy is the electric coils on your stove.

Gravitational Energy is motion that is caused by gravity Gravitational Energy is motion that is caused by gravity. An example of gravitational energy is water flowing down a waterfall.

Energy can change from one form to another Energy can change from one form to another. Be able to identify what changed.

Machine Requirements Machine must demonstrate at least ONE of the following simple machines: Pulley Lever Wedge Wheel and Axle Inclined Plane Screw

Pulley

Pulley

Lever

Lever

Lever

Wedge Ball drops on top of wedge, wedge pushes down (wedges in) between a fixed block and a movable block, movable block pushes a ball off, or itself falls off, of another edge.... or presses a button and throws a switch

Wedge

Wheel and Axle

Inclined Plane

Screw

Screw

Machine must demonstrate at least TWO of the following: Wave (sound or mechanical) Collision Chemical reaction Temperature change Magnetism Electricity Change of motion (acceleration) Light

Wave Sound

Wave Mechanical

Collision

Chemical Reaction

Temperature Change

Magnetism

Electricity

Change of Motion Acceleration

Acceleration -Acceleration- the rate at which velocity changes with time -Velocity = speed in a given direction

Acceleration a change in velocity means a change in direction or speed or both which is acceleration -Acceleration is a Vector (magnitude and direction)

Light

Machine must demonstrate ALL of the following: Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Inertia Momentum Speed

Potential Energy (PE) -Potential Energy-stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object. -PE has the potential to do work

Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) -Def: Potential energy related to an objects height -Depends on weight and height in relation to reference point -Calculate: GPE = Weight x Height

Elastic Potential Energy (EPE) -Def: Potential energy of objects that can be stretched or compressed -EX: Bow of an archer

Kinetic Energy (KE) -Kinetic Energy-the energy an object has due to its motion -The amount of KE is due to an objects mass and speed -KE increases as mass increases or speed increases

Inertia Tendency of an object to resist a change in motion The more mass an object has the more inertia it has

Inertia Newton’s First Law of Motion- An object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at the same velocity unless acted on by an unbalanced force.

Momentum Momentum-a characteristic of a moving object by multiplying the object’s mass and velocity

Speed -Speed is a type of rate -Rates tell you the amount of something that occurs or changes in one unit of time. -Speed-the distance an object travels per unit of time.

Speed -Speed is a type of rate -Rates tell you the amount of something that occurs or changes in one unit of time. -Speed-the distance an object travels per unit of time.

Transfer of Energy Machine must transfer energy from start to finish, adding energy for the next machine. The amount of force that exits your machine must be MORE than what begins it.

Construction Requirements Machine must be no larger than 60 cm x 60 cm x 60 cm. This will be small. Use small parts. Machine must be able to complete the process more than once. Parts can be replaceable, but you shouldn’t have to rebuild it.

Construction Requirements Use trash or recyclable items for your machine. However, you may need to purchase things like marbles, magnets or dominoes. Think creatively. You may build prototypes at home, but be prepared to construct the final product in class. You will have several days of class time for construction.

Other Details Your machine may begin by a force from your hand or from another machine. You may coordinate with another machine to align your entry and exit points. You cannot touch the machine after it starts