Limb ischemia–reperfusion differentially affects the periosteal and synovial microcirculation  Petra Hartmann, MD, PhD, Gábor Erős, MD, PhD, Renáta Varga, MD, PhD, József Kaszaki, PhD, Dénes Garab, István Németh, MD, Zsolt Rázga, PhD, Mihály Boros, MD, PhD, Andrea Szabó, MD, PhD  Journal of Surgical Research  Volume 178, Issue 1, Pages 216-222 (November 2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.03.001 Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 RBCV values measured in capillaries of periosteum (P) and synovial membrane (SY) in sham-operated (Sham) limbs and limbs subjected to total limb IR injury. C/K-injected limbs served as positive controls, and contralateral limbs were injected with saline (Saline). Data are presented as mean ± SEM; 2-way ANOVA was followed by pairwise comparisons of the mean using the Holm-Sidak test. $P < 0.05 versus P-Sham within control groups; ∗P < 0.05 versus corresponding control; ×P < 0.05 versus P + IR; #P < 0.05 versus SY + IR. Journal of Surgical Research 2012 178, 216-222DOI: (10.1016/j.jss.2012.03.001) Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Rolling leukocytes in postcapillary venules of periosteum (P) and synovial membrane (SY) in sham-operated (Sham) limbs and limbs subjected to total limb IR injury. C/K-injected limbs served as positive controls, and contralateral limbs were injected with saline (Saline). Data are presented as mean ± SEM; 2-way ANOVA was followed by pairwise comparisons of the mean using the Holm-Sidak test. *P < 0.05 versus corresponding control; ×P < 0.05 versus P + IR; #P < 0.05 versus SY + IR. Journal of Surgical Research 2012 178, 216-222DOI: (10.1016/j.jss.2012.03.001) Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Sticking leukocytes in postcapillary venules of periosteum (P) and synovial membrane (SY) in sham-operated (Sham) limbs and limbs subjected to total limb IR injury. C/K-injected limbs served as positive controls, and contralateral limbs were injected with saline (Saline). Data are presented as mean ± SEM; 2-way ANOVA was followed by pairwise comparisons of the mean using the Holm-Sidak test. ∗P < 0.05 versus corresponding control; ×P < 0.05 versus P + IR; #P < 0.05 versus SY + IR. Journal of Surgical Research 2012 178, 216-222DOI: (10.1016/j.jss.2012.03.001) Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 XOR activity measured in periosteum (P) and synovial membrane (SY) in sham-operated (Sham) limbs and limbs subjected to total limb IR injury. C/K- injected limbs served as positive control, and contralateral limbs were injected with saline (Saline). Data are presented as mean ± SEM; 2-way ANOVA was followed by pairwise comparisons of the mean using the Holm-Sidak test. ∗P < 0.05 versus corresponding control; ×P < 0.05 versus P + IR; #P < 0.05 versus SY + IR. Journal of Surgical Research 2012 178, 216-222DOI: (10.1016/j.jss.2012.03.001) Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 MPO measured in periosteum (P) and synovial membrane (SY) in sham-operated (Sham) limbs and limbs subjected to total limb IR injury. C/K-injected limbs served as positive controls, and contralateral limbs were injected with saline (Saline). Data are presented as mean ± SEM; 2-way ANOVA was followed by pairwise comparisons of the mean using the Holm-Sidak test. ∗P < 0.05 versus corresponding control; ×P < 0.05 versus P + IR; #P < 0.05 versus SY + IR. Journal of Surgical Research 2012 178, 216-222DOI: (10.1016/j.jss.2012.03.001) Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 (A) ICAM-1 expression in periosteum (P) and synovial membrane (SY) in sham-operated (Sham) limbs and limbs subjected to total limb IR injury. C/K-injected limbs served as positive controls, and contralateral limbs were injected with saline (Saline). Representative micrographs show positive reactions for ICAM-1 in (B) IR-challenged periosteum and (C) SY in response to C/K injection. Bar denotes 50 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SEM; 2-way ANOVA was followed by pairwise comparisons of the mean using the Holm-Sidak test. ∗P < 0.05 versus corresponding control; ×P < 0.05 versus P + IR; #P < 0.05 versus SY + IR. (Color version of figure is available online.) Journal of Surgical Research 2012 178, 216-222DOI: (10.1016/j.jss.2012.03.001) Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions