The Roaring 20s
The economy Roars Initially people struggled - Winnipeg Recovery due to US investment Buying Canadian resources (wood and metals) Invested in Canada through Branch Plants Before war mainly capital (cash) investments from the UK People investing in stock market Shown in value of $100 investments: 1924 - $150m 1928 - $500m
Consumerism – Buy, buy, buy! New money meant people wanted to spend Increased holidays for workers Vacations Ski resorts New technologies all affordable for most: Telephone Radio Cars
Music and Culture Also known as the Jazz Age Jazz symbolic of feeling Freer, no restrictions, fun New opportunities – dance halls, movie theatres Some worried about Americanisation of Canada
Flapper Girls Developed boyish styles Mencken's words, 'was a somewhat foolish girl, full of wild surmises and inclined to revolt against the precepts and admonitions of her elders.'"6 Flappers had both an image and an attitude.
Prohibition Alcohol banned during WW1 1920 – not working Too much bootlegging and problems Soldiers used to European attitudes 1921 – Allowed but controlled Continued in US until 1933 Cross-border smuggling – Rum Running
Canadian Culture New national pride in Canada from WW1, Versailles and afterwards Response to Americanisation – CBC radio and HNIC Group of 7 – Canadian landscapes In BC, led by Emily Carr Difference in attitude between the war years and after
Women WW1 saw progress – work and vote After war women expected to return home – jobs for soldiers and also when married If worked lower skilled and lower wages, 60% lower than men (today 24% lower) 1921 – Nellie Clung first female provincial MLA in Alberta Agnes MacPhail first female federal MP
Are Women Persons? Progress slow – only middle class and wealthy benefitted 1916 – Emily Murphy Appointed Judge in Alberta 1917 – decision is challenged – women are not designated person under BNA Has to be a “fit and proper person” to be a judge Murphy wins but only for Alberta
The Person’s Case 1927 - Murphy applies for Senate supported by the ‘Famous Five’ 1928 - Senate decides women are not persons under BNA Can’t change – up to British Government 1929 – BNA Act changed by British Government – Women are now officially people and can become judges
The Roaring 20s Overview In what ways were the 20s roaring? How does person’s case reflect: Attitudes toward women? Canada’s independence from Britain?