10 September, 2007, Session 9: Conclusions and Recommendations CASM Asia Vision Satoshi Murao

CASM-Asia Inaugural Meeting 25-26 July 2005, Bangkok, Thailand Protection of people is the purpose rather than ASM promotion. Every measure including alternative livelihood is necessary. CASM-Asia Inaugural Meeting 25-26 July 2005, Bangkok, Thailand

Core Problem: Poor living and working conditions at mining sites Expected output: (1) Income of ASM communities increased; (2) more ASM communities adopt safe, healthy and environmentally sound practices; (3) data base is properly functioning and utilized; (4) ASM recieves basic services more. CASM-ASIA GOAL ORIENTED PROJECT PLANNING (GOPP) WORKSHOP 30 November 2005 - 02 December 2005, Bangkok, Thailand

1. Communication should come first before strong law enforcement. 2. Incentive of people is necessary but it is not grown without proper information provision and dialogue. 3. Officers and other people should brush up the sense of risk management. CASM-Asia Workshop on Artisanal/Small-Scale Mining Social Issues 16 August 2006 - 18 August 2006, Hanoi, Vietnam

The majesty to identify risks, prioritize the countermeasures and select appropriate laboratories belongs to the local community. CASM-Asia Workshop on State-of-the-Art of Science and Technology to Protect the Environment and People 27 November 2006 - 29 November 2006, Bandung, Indonesia

Lessons (Presentation material of CASM-Asia Cooperator Dr Victor B Maglambayan at the 7th Annual CASM Conference, Ulaanbaatar)

How our risk perception is different Nao Sato et al. (2007)

Dialogue with ASM miners Miners have will to explore their happiness/Miners hope to pave their own road. They feel anxiety but it is amalgamated with various kinds of risk. We need their empowerment in risk management. We need to educate/empower them so that they can (1) dismantle vague anxiety into specific risks; (2) identify which risk is more serious and should be addressed earlier than other risks; (3) write scenarios towards their development; (4) coordinate professionals according to their favorite scenario.

Proper risk management = people in the center What risk miners want to solve first and what government want to do first do not coincide. What they want to talk is their possibility and opportunity not problems. Miners feel that risks are brought into the community by professional scientists and they are forced to solve it according to the scientists’ scenario. Effective countermeasures can be achieved when “sense of ownership” is obtained by the local people.

Sense of ownership towards success Kiriwong by Pornpilai Lertvicha (1992)   Due to the composed society of long history, the village is united to decide/act themselves. They have history of self-help. On 21 Nov 2007, due to heavy rain, the mountain behind the village collapsed. 362 households lost the housings. They soon rehabilitated the village in spite of very heavy damage based on their high moral, credit union and by the strong leadership of two distinctive leaders. Learning and dialogue lead the village to recognize their challenge and the priority for their actions. A rehabilitation plan was submitted to the government according to the identified priority by the villagers themselves. This concrete attitude moved aid agencies and the government. This report tell us how people’s self-help is important and the sense of ownership keeps people’s moral high. The first thing to do was to revive people’s spirit.

Conclusion and recommendation 1. Human Security is in concordance with our idea to place people in the deliberation. The concept can be a reference of our consideration and actions in terms of ASM. 2. ASM poses various kinds of issues depending on the commodity, place, business tradition, social structure, culture etc. Risk management can be a generic methodology in ASM in that all of the issues are collectively treated under a common word risk. 3. We should empower local community in terms of risk management. It should be the local community who identify the risks; determine the prioritization what risk should be treated first and what risk second; what kind of plan is appropriate; coordinate professionals and agencies towards a solution.

More power ! Photo: Justin Edimani, PNG Coordinator for CASM-Asia.