Patterns in Nature Topic 17: Mitosis Part of the Patterns in Nature Module Biology in Focus, Preliminary Course

DOT Point(s) Identify mitosis as a process of nuclear division and explain its role Explain the need for cytokinesis in cell division Identify that nuclei, mitochondria and chloroplasts contain DNA bridlepath.wordpress.com

The Role of Mitosis In multicellular organisms, cell division is a process that leads to the formation of new cells that form part of the organism and, as a result, contribute to the growth and repair of damaged tissue. jameskimlcop.blogspot.com

The Role of Mitosis The role of mitosis in multicellular organisms can be summarised as follows: Growth Repair of damaged tissue and replacement of worn out cells Genetic stability: mitosis ensures the precise and equal distribution of chromosomes to each daughter nucleus, so that all resulting cells contain the same number and kind of chromosomes as each other and as the original parent. Asexual reproduction: growing plants from cuttings nhptv.org

The Process of Mitosis Mitosis is a highly co-ordinated process ensuring that the replicated chromosomes separate and are equally distributed to the daughter cells. Scientists have identified several distinct stages in the process. We’ll look at these now. meiosis-and-mitosis.pbworks.com

Step 1 Interphase: DNA replicates and become double stranded kvhs.nbed.nb.ca

Step 2 Prophase: The DNA coils up and the double stranded chromosomes become visible. The membrane surrounding the nucleus begins to break down. kvhs.nbed.nb.ca

Step 3 Metaphase: The Chromosomes line up across the equator (middle) of the cell and a network of fibres appear, extending from the poles of the cell to each chromosome. kvhs.nbed.nb.ca

Step 4 Anaphase: The chromatids separate to become two independent chromosomes. The network of fibres contracts, pulling the chromosomes in opposite directions. kvhs.nbed.nb.ca

Step 5 Telophase: A nuclear membrane encloses the chromosomes and two nuclei form, each with the diploid number of chromosomes. kvhs.nbed.nb.ca

Step 6 Cytokinesis: The cytoplasm divides and the result is two identical daughter cells. These cells grow in size in preparation for the next round of cell division. kvhs.nbed.nb.ca

Mitosis The outcome at the end of mitosis and cytokinesis is two daughter cells that have the identical chromosomes to each other and to the original parent cell. celldynamics.org

Mitosis When the cytoplasm divides, the organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts are distributed to the daughter cells in approximately equal numbers. micro.magnet.fsu.edu

Mitosis It is then necessary for the organelles in the cytoplasm to replicate so that they are not reduced in quantity. Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own small amounts of DNA and so they are able to replicate themselves. en.wikipedia.org

Mitosis By the time the daughter cells have grown to the size of the original parent cell, they have a similar number or organelles as the original cell had. historyoftheuniverse.com

Homework STUDY FOR HALF YEARLY