FUNGUS

Structure A)fruiting body 1) reproductive structure 2) above ground B) mycelium 1) branching network 2) in soil/ on wood/ dead animals C) hyphae 1) basic structural unit 2) thread-like filaments

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II) Nutrition A) release enzymes that break down food then absorb nutrients through their cell membranes B) 4 types 1) parasitic a)absorbs nutrients from living cells of host *

2) predatory a) in soil, mycelia trap prey *

3) mutualistic a) “partners” with another organism (both benefit) *

4) saprobial a) feed on dead organisms or wastes b) important role in recycling of nutrients in ecosystems

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III) Reproduction A) asexual & sexual 1) budding a) with unicellular fungi ex. Yeast 2) fragmentation a) piece of mycelium breaks off

b) carried by wind or water c) fruiting bodies = sexual repr. 3) spores a) specialised hypha b) carried by wind or water c) fruiting bodies = sexual repr. cap gills stipe

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Elegant Stinkhorn Mushroom. Storm 2010 (Mutinus elegans, M Elegant Stinkhorn Mushroom ... Storm 2010 (Mutinus elegans, M. caninus, & M. ravenelii)

IV) Lichen A) composite organism 1) made up of 2 species a) fungus + photosynthetic organism b) symbiosis i) fungus keeps lichen from drying out ii) autotroph supplies lichen with food

B) grow in extreme environments 1) rocks, trees, Antarctica C) uses 1) food caribou, deer 2) dyes (wool, litmus paper) 3) break down rocks