Cell Physiology and Cell Transport

Bellwork 9/19 Turn in your Homework You need your Cell Physiology Notes today Complete the following on your Bellwork from yesterday: Which macromolecules function as fuel? Which macromolecules function as long term energy storage? Which macromolecules hold the genetic information? Which macromolecules can act as enzymes? What are the building blocks of starches (polysaccharides)? What are the building blocks of nucleic acids? Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids Proteins Monosaccharides Nucleotides

Agenda 9/19 Essential Question: Learning Goal: What are the various parts of the cell and what are their functions? Correct HW Review Cell PHysiology HW: Study for Ch 3 Quiz tomorrow (Use study guide!) Learning Goal: Interpret diagrams of a cell and know the function of each structure Match the ways in which substance move across a cell membrane with a given example.

Cell Transport Video What the amoeba sisters video and take notes. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ptmlvtei8hw

What is the plasma membrane? Carbohydrate Chain Plasma Membrane Phospholipid Fatty Acid Tails Polar head Transport Protein

Cholesterol – fluidity Hydropholic/hydrophobic – allows the cell to “reseal” when damaged Proteins – enzymes, receptors for hormones, binding sites and used for treansport Microvilli – increases the surface area

Movement of substances through the cell membrane.

Passive movement of substances through the cell membrane (no cellular energy required) Diffusion: The process by which molecules or ions scatter or spread spontaneously from regions of high concentration to low concentration. What happens to the candy when it is placed in water? Watch this LINK

Passive Movement 2.Facilitated diffusion: When molecules such as sugar are too large to pass through the pores of the cell membrane, carrier molecules carry the large molecules from regions of higher to areas of lower concentration. LINK

Passive Movement 3. Filtration: Movement of molecules across a membrane as a result of pressure LINK Summary http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objID=AP11103

4. Osmosis: A special case of diffusion in which water molecules diffuse from regions of higher concentration to area of lower concentration. LINK

Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nHWUAdkYq4Q https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OYoaLzobQmk

Active Mechanisms (Use cellular energy) Active transport -process that moves particles through membranes regions of lower concentration to regions of higher concentration. animation and quiz

ACTIVE TRANSPORT 1. Sodium Potassium Pumps Uses specific carrier molecules (pumps) Uses 40% of the cell’s energy Particles transported include sugars, amino acids, sodium, potassium, calcium and hydrogen ions amazing students

2. Endocytosis- large particles are brought into a cell through vesicles a. pinocytosis- cell takes in liquids b. phagocytosis- cell takes in solids c. receptor mediated -specific molecules move into cell 3. Exocytosis- a substance stored in a vesicle is released from the cell Animation

Summary Passive transport- the cell does not expend energy 1. diffusion -movement of molecules -no force 2. osmosis -diffusion of water molecules 3. filtration -filter present -force

Summary Active transport- the cell uses energy to move molecules Cell membrane pumps - Proteins in the cell membrane pump ions across the concentration gradient 2. endocytosis -cell engulfs solids or liquids 3. exocytosis -cell releases substances

Plasma Membrane Summary Summarize in 3-5 sentences How do cells transport material into and out of the cell? Include the following vocabulary words: Plasma/cell membrane Selective permeability Transport proteins Phospholipid bilayer Do not add your opinion- JUST FACTS Passive Transport Active Transport Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion Endocytosis Exocytosis

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