Late Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries The Modern World Late Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries Neoclassicism Romanticism Realism Impressionism Post-Impressionism
Neo-Classicism / Neo-Classical Reacts to the excesses of the monarchy Rejects the ornamentation of the Baroque, frivolous excess of the Rococo Return to order, reason and structural clarity Fine art should spread knowledge and enlightenment Jacques Louis David, Thomas Gainsborough, Thomas Jefferson
Oath of the Horatii; David
Cornelia, Pointing to Her Children as Her Treasures; Angelica Kauffmann
The Death of Marat, David 1793
Napoleon Ingres
Monticello, Thomas Jefferson 1769-84
Romanticism Named after popular medieval tales of adventure Revolts against neo-classical order Return to nature / imagination Focus on freedom, emotion, sentimentality, spontaneity Interest in exotic, patriotic, primitive, and supernatural, mythology Romanticism refers to an attitude Artists: Constable, Goya, Delacroix Cole /Hudson River School
The Haywain, John Constable
The Executions of May 3rd, Goya
Saturn Devouring One of His Children, Francisco de Goya 1819-23 Fresco
The Oxbow Thomas Cole1836
The Death of Sardanapalus; Delacroix 1827
Realism Ordinary existence without idealism, exoticism or nostalgia To seek the truth To find beauty in the commonplace Focus on the Industrial Revolution and the condition of working class Real people doing everyday things Artists: Courbet, Millet, Manet, Bonheur, Tanner
The Stonebreakers, Gustave Courbet 1849
A Burial at Ornan’s Gustave Courbet 1849
The Horse Fair; Bonheur 1853-55
The Banjo Lesson; Tanner 1893
Execution of the Emperor Maximillian of Mexico, Manet 1867
The Gleaners, Jean-François Millet 1857
Expressing reality in a different manner Impressionism Expressing reality in a different manner Focus on showing effects of light and atmospheric conditions Capturing a moment in time through spontaneity and the use of quick brush strokes and many color values Three things helped usher in Impressionism…
The Camera… Process for permanently affixing images on light sensitive paper.
Tubes allowed artist to paint anywhere. Tube Paint… Tubes allowed artist to paint anywhere. Before tubes, paint mixed and used in studios
Opening of Japan to Western Trade.
Claude Monet
Impression, Sunrise, Monet 1872
Waterlilies, Monet
Waterlilies Monet 1906
Parliament Series Monet
Auguste Renoir
The Walk Renoir 1870
Luncheon of the Boating Party, Renoir 1881
Mary Cassatt Self Portrait
Mother and Child, Mary Cassatt 1880
Little Girl in a Blue Armchair
Mother Preparing to Wash Sleepy Child
Degas Self-Portrait
The Star, Degas 1878
Ballet Practice
Followed Impressionism (Duh) Did not share a single style Post-Impressionism Followed Impressionism (Duh) Did not share a single style Instead, reacted to Impressionism in highly individualized ways Focused more on emotions
Vincent Van Gogh
The Potato Eaters
Great Wave at Kanagawa Hokusai
The Courtesan The Blooming Plum Tree
Bedroom at Arles
The Night Cafe, Vincent Van Gogh 1888
Starry Night
Wheatfield and Crows, Vincent Van Gogh 1890
Paul Cezanne Self-Portrait
Chrysanthemums, Cezanne 1896-98
Still-Life
Georges Seurat
Sunday Afternoon on La Grande Jette
Eiffel Tower
Paul Gauguin
The Vision After the Sermon; Paul Gauguin 1888
The Scream, Edvard Munch 1893
Modern and Contemporary 1900- Present Breaks with or redefines the conventions of the past Uses experimental techniques Shows the diversity of society and the blending of cultures Simplification of form Non-traditional materials
Early 20th Century Fauves and Expressionism Cubism Abstract Sculpture America Futurism and the Celebration of Motion
Translated “Wild Beasts” Boldly colored paintings Fauvism Translated “Wild Beasts” Boldly colored paintings Depart from nature with unconven-tional brush strokes The Red Room, 1908 Henri Matisse
London Bridge; Derain 1906
German Expressionist Vivid often angular simplifications of subjects Dramatic color contrasts Bold, sometimes crude finish Two groups: The Bridge and The Blue Rider Street, Berlin; Kirchner 1913
Blue Mountain Kandinsky 1908-09
Composition IV; Kandinsky 1911
Artists: Picasso and Braque Cubism Artist broke apart objects or human forms and represented them from multiple view points as flattened shapes Radical departure from traditional techniques, materials and views of the subject Artists: Picasso and Braque
Still Life with Death’s Head, Picasso 1907
Houses at La Estaque, Braque 1909 Landscape with Bridge, Picasso 1909 Houses at La Estaque, Braque 1909
Chapter 23 Between World Wars DADA Surrealism Expanding on Cubism Constructionism
DADA A reaction to the horrors of WWI and WWII Rejected reason and logic Prized anarchy, nonsense, irrationality and intuition French for “hobby horse” L.H.O.O.Q., Marcel Duchamp 1919,
Fountain; Marcel Duchamp
John Heartfield “Don’t Be Afraid, He’s a Vegetarian!”
Surrealism Gave central importance to the subconscious and dreams Often puts together objects that don’t belong… Swans Reflecting Elephants, Salvador Dali
Hallucinogenic Toreador, …Or put objects in backgrounds or environments they would not normally be found in. The results were often disturbing or hilarious. Hallucinogenic Toreador, Salvador Dali
Magritte
False Mirror; Magritte
Postwar Modern Movements
Convergence, Jackson Pollock 1952
Subjects easily recognized images from popular culture Pop Art Subjects easily recognized images from popular culture Wham! Roy Lichtenstein, 1963
Andy Warhol Marilyn 100 Soup Cans
Other American Artists… Migrant Mother; Dorthea Lange
Georgia O’Keefe Summer Days
Poppies; O’Keefe
Jacob Lawrence The Swearing In
Man on a scaffold; Lawrence