Principles & Modern Applications General Chemistry Principles & Modern Applications 10th Edition Petrucci/Herring/Madura/Bissonnette Chapter 16 Acids and Bases Dr. Wendy Pell University of Ottawa Copyright © 2011 Pearson Canada Inc. Slide 1 of 47

Which of the following are the best examples of Lewis bases? 1. B only. A) 2. C only. 3. C and D only. 4. A, C and D only. D) C) 5. None of these are Lewis bases. Slide 2 of 47

Which of the following are the best examples of Lewis bases? 1. B only. A) 2. C only. 3. C and D only. 4. A, C and D only. D) C) 5. None of these are Lewis bases. Slide 3 of 47

The reaction depicted to the right is best denoted as 1. a Brønsted-Lowry acid-base reaction. 2. an Arrhenius acid-base reaction. 3. a Lewis acid-base reaction. 4. a redox reaction. 5. None of the above are correct. Slide 4 of 47

The reaction depicted to the right is best denoted as 1. a Brønsted-Lowry acid-base reaction. 2. an Arrhenius acid-base reaction. 3. a Lewis acid-base reaction. 4. a redox reaction. 5. None of the above are correct. Slide 5 of 47

The following reaction is best denoted as 1. a Brønsted-Lowry acid-base reaction. 2. an Arrhenius acid-base reaction. 3. a Lewis acid-base reaction. 4. Both 1 and 2. 5. Both 2 and 3. Slide 6 of 47

The following reaction is best denoted as 1. a Brønsted-Lowry acid-base reaction. 2. an Arrhenius acid-base reaction. 3. a Lewis acid-base reaction. 4. Both 1 and 2. 5. Both 2 and 3. Slide 7 of 47

In the reaction depicted below, which species are acids? - - + Slide 8 of 47

In the reaction depicted below, which species are acids? - - + Slide 9 of 47

A 0.10 M aqueous solutions of which of the following compounds is most basic? 1. NaNO3 2. H2SO4 3. NH4Cl 4. NH3 5. NaOH Slide 10 of 47

A 0.10 M aqueous solutions of which of the following compounds is most basic? 1. NaNO3 2. H2SO4 3. NH4Cl 4. NH3 5. NaOH Slide 11 of 47

Which of the following solutions has the highest concentration of hydroxide ion? Slide 12 of 47

Which of the following solutions has the highest concentration of hydroxide ion? 1. 2. 3. Slide 13 of 47

A 0.10 M aqueous solutions of which of the following compounds do you think is the most acidic? 1. HCl 2. H2SO4 3. NH4Cl 4. HClO4 5. H2CO3 Slide 14 of 47

A 0.10 M aqueous solutions of which of the following compounds do you think is the most acidic? 1. HCl 2. H2SO4 3. NH4Cl 4. HClO4 5. H2CO3 Slide 15 of 47

Which of the following is closest to the concentration of H3O+ for the solution depicted to the right (pH=8.98). Do not use a calculator. 1. 109 M 2. 108.98 M 3. 108 M 4. 10-8 M 5. 10-9 M Slide 16 of 47

Which of the following is closest to the concentration of H3O+ for the solution depicted to the right (pH=8.98). Do not use a calculator. 1. 109 M 2. 108.98 M 3. 108 M 4. 10-8 M 5. 10-9 M Slide 17 of 47

CH3COOH (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ CH3COO- (aq) + H3O+ Ka = 1.8 x 10-5 Given, CH3COOH (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ CH3COO- (aq) + H3O+ Ka = 1.8 x 10-5 What is the equilibrium constant for, CH3COO- (aq) + H3O+ ⇌ CH3COOH (aq) + H2O (l) Slide 18 of 47

CH3COOH (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ CH3COO- (aq) + H3O+ Ka = 1.8 x 10-5 Given, CH3COOH (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ CH3COO- (aq) + H3O+ Ka = 1.8 x 10-5 What is the equilibrium constant for, CH3COO- (aq) + H3O+ ⇌ CH3COOH (aq) + H2O (l) Slide 19 of 47

NH3 (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ NH4+ (aq) + OH- (aq) Kb = 1.8x10-5 Given, NH3 (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ NH4+ (aq) + OH- (aq) Kb = 1.8x10-5 2H2O (l) ⇌ H3O+ (aq) + OH- (aq) Kw = 1.0 x 10-14 What is the equilibrium constant for, (no calculators) NH3 (aq) + H3O+ (aq) ⇌ NH4+ (aq) + H2O (l) Slide 20 of 47

NH3 (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ NH4+ (aq) + OH- (aq) Kb = 1.8x10-5 Given, NH3 (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ NH4+ (aq) + OH- (aq) Kb = 1.8x10-5 2H2O (l) ⇌ H3O+ (aq) + OH- (aq) Kw = 1.0 x 10-14 What is the equilibrium constant for, (no calculators) NH3 (aq) + H3O+ (aq) ⇌ NH4+ (aq) + H2O (l) Slide 21 of 47

Solutions of NaCl, NaNO3, and Na3PO4 will be 1. neutral, basic and acidic, respectively. 2. acidic, neutral and basic, respectively. 3. acidic, basic and basic, respectively. 4. neutral, neutral and basic, respectively. 5. neutral, neutral and acidic, respectively. Slide 22 of 47

Solutions of NaCl, NaNO3, and Na3PO4 will be 1. neutral, basic and acidic, respectively. 2. acidic, neutral and basic, respectively. 3. acidic, basic and basic, respectively. 4. neutral, neutral and basic, respectively. 5. neutral, neutral and acidic, respectively. Slide 23 of 47

Which compound do you expect to be most acidic? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Slide 24 of 47

Which compound do you expect to be most acidic? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Slide 25 of 47

Which of the following oxoacids would you expect to be the most acidic? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Slide 26 of 47

Which of the following oxoacids would you expect to be the most acidic? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Slide 27 of 47

Which of the following would you expect to be the most basic amine? 1. 2. 3. 4. Slide 28 of 47

Which of the following would you expect to be the most basic amine? 1. 2. 3. 4. Slide 29 of 47

The acid ionization constant expression for ionization of the third proton in phosphoric acid is Slide 30 of 47

The acid ionization constant expression for ionization of the third proton in phosphoric acid is Slide 31 of 47

Consider the four amines below, aniline, cyclohexylamine, para-chloroaniline and ortho-chloroaniline. Which has the largest pKb? Slide 32 of 47

Consider the four amines below, aniline, cyclohexylamine, para-chloroaniline and ortho-chloroaniline. Which has the largest pKb? Slide 33 of 47

Solid sodium acetate, NaCH3COO is dissolved in 1 L of water Solid sodium acetate, NaCH3COO is dissolved in 1 L of water. The resulting hydrolysis reaction is of the form: A + H2O ⇌ B + C Identify A, B, and C: 1. CH3COOH, H3O+, CH3COO- 2. CH3COO-, CH3COOH, H3O+ 3. CH3COO-, CH3COOH, H2O 4. CH3COO-, CH3COOH, HO- 5. NaCH3COO, CH3COO-, Na+ Slide 34 of 47

Solid sodium acetate, NaCH3COO is dissolved in 1 L of water Solid sodium acetate, NaCH3COO is dissolved in 1 L of water. The resulting hydrolysis reaction is of the form: A + H2O ⇌ B + C Identify A, B, and C: 1. CH3COOH, H3O+, CH3COO- 2. CH3COO-, CH3COOH, H3O+ 3. CH3COO-, CH3COOH, H2O 4. CH3COO-, CH3COOH, HO- 5. NaCH3COO, CH3COO-, Na+ Slide 35 of 47

Ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3 is dissolved in 1 L of water Ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3 is dissolved in 1 L of water. The resulting hydrolysis reaction is of the form: A + H2O ⇌ B + C Identify A, B, and C: 1. NH4+, H3O+, NH3 2. NH4+, OH-, NH3 3. NO3-, HNO3, OH- 4. NO3-, H3O+, HNO3 Slide 36 of 47

Ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3 is dissolved in 1 L of water Ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3 is dissolved in 1 L of water. The resulting hydrolysis reaction is of the form: A + H2O ⇌ B + C Identify A, B, and C: 1. NH4+, H3O+, NH3 2. NH4+, OH-, NH3 3. NO3-, HNO3, OH- 4. NO3-, H3O+, HNO3 Slide 37 of 47