3 Mortality ANIQ This module presents statistics from Chapter 3: Mortality Ontario Cancer Statistics 2016 Chapter 3: Mortality

Mortality Overview Cancer is the leading cause of death in Ontario 29,288 cancer deaths are expected in 2016 (190.4 per 100,000) Number of deaths increasing Mortality declining since 1985, rate of decline accelerating over the past decade The rate has declined more for males than females ANIQ Cancer continues to be the leading cause of death in Ontario, accounting for about one in three deaths in the province. CLICK We project that over 29 thousand Ontarians will die of cancer in 2016, resulting in an age-standardized mortality rate of 190.4 deaths per 100,000 people. While the number of deaths from cancer is increasing, the mortality rate has been declining since 1985. Between 1985 and 2001, the mortality rate declined by 0.5% per year, and this decline accelerated to 1.5% per year between 2001 and 2012. While both the male and female mortality rates declined between 1981 and 2012, mortality declined more for males than females. Between 1998 and 2001, the mortality rate among males declined by 0.9 percent per year, and then declined by 1.8 percent per year between 2001 and 2012. Among females, on the other hand the rate declined by 0.3% per year between 1985 and 2002 and then declined by 1.4 percent per year until 2012. Ontario Cancer Statistics 2016 Mortality

Mortality by Cancer Type Males: Lung (25.3%) Colorectal (11.8%) Prostate (9.9%) Pancreas (5.5%) Liver (4.7%) Leukemia (4.2%) Esophagus (4.1%) Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (3.9%) Bladder (3.8%) Brain (3.0%) Females: Lung (23.9%) Breast (14.6%) Colorectal (10.8%) Pancreas (6.5%) Ovary (4.8%) Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (3.5%) Leukemia (3.5%) Uterus (3.1%) Liver (2.5%) Stomach (2.1%) ANIQ This slide shows the top 10 most common causes of cancer death for males and females in 2012 . CLICK Lung cancer was by far, the number one cause of cancer death in both males and females, accounting for almost a quarter of all cancer deaths. Notably, pancreatic cancer was the fourth most common cause of cancer death. Despite it’s lower incidence numbers, pancreatic cancer caused more deaths than prostate cancer (1,415) and almost as many as female breast cancer (1,912). Ontario Cancer Statistics 2016 Mortality

Mortality Over Time Fastest rising mortality: Liver, brain, uterine cancers and melanoma Fastest decline in mortality: Hodgkin lymphoma, laryngeal, cervical and testicular cancers ANIQ We’ll now look at mortality trends over time. Over the past 10 years, the greatest increases in mortality have been in liver, brain and uterine cancers as well as `melanoma. The liver cancer mortality rate increased from 1981 to 2012, although the rate of increase slowed after 1994. These increases are probably at least partially driven by increases in incidence. Brain cancer mortality has increased by 2.6% per year since 2005. Uterine cancer mortality has increased by 0.9% per year since 1992, following a period of declining mortality rates. CLICK The greatest declines in mortality were in Hodgkin lymphoma, larynx, cervical and testicular cancers. Hodgkin lymphoma mortality has declined by 3.8% per year since 1981. Mortality from cancer of the larynx has declined by 3.3% per year since 1991, however declines have been greater for males than females. Cervical cancer mortality has declined by 3 percent per year since 1981, mainly due to the effects of screening programs. Ontario Cancer Statistics 2016 Mortality

Regional Mortality Mortality rates lowest: South-central Ontario LHINs PHUs in the Greater Toronto area Mortality rates highest: South East, North East, Erie St. Clair, and North West LHINs ANIQ We also looked at regional mortality rates. As with incidence, these are presented in maps in the report, for both LHINs and Public Health Units. Looking at the LHINs, in 2012 cancer mortality rates were lowest in LHINs located in south-central Ontario and highest in the South East, North East and Erie St. Clair LHINs and, for females only, the North West LHIN. Focusing next on mortality by PHU, rates were lowest in PHUs in the greater Toronto area while the highest rates were found in various PHUs scattered throughout the province As with incidence, full mortality counts and rates are available by LHIN and PHU in the report. Ontario Cancer Statistics 2016 Mortality