The Cold War 1947-1991

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Cold War The Cold War was a state of political and military tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).

Origins U.S Containment policy- A military strategy to stop expansion of the enemy (U.S. Cold War policy to prevent the spread of communism A response to the Soviet Union and their tactic of spreading Communism to Asia, Eastern Europe, Africa and Vietnam https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HpYCplyB knI

Containment Marshall Plan- aimed to prevent the spread of communism by reviving war torn economies in Europe Offered 13 billion in aid Alarm of communist spread led to the formation of NATO 1949 Included:U.S, Canada, 10 other European nations Warsaw pact was formed in resistance- Soviet Union and Satellite States

Berlin Airlift 1948 Allies agree to split Germany into four zones Split among the Soviet Union, France, Great Britain and the U.S. The Soviet Union blocked Western Berlin from Western Germany( all of Berlin located in Soviet Union territory) This made supply trade impossible for citizens

Berlin Airlift Soviets were concerned with so much of Germany becoming capitalists Soviets devised a plan to block highways and canals from West Germany to West Berlin Allies developed a plan to airlift food and supplies into West Berlin 2.3 million tons of supplies were carried into West Berlin The Blockade failed

Space Race 1949-1969 Began with the race for the German V-2 rocket America VS.Soviet Union America discovers V-2 rocket first The Soviet Union perfects the rocket missile Main goal of the race to place a man safely on the moon America sets aside billions of dollars Apollo 11- Lance Armstong

Iron Curtain Iron Curtain- The name of the boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas Soviet/Satellite States In East Allied territories in the West Winston Churchill Iron Curtain speech- March 5, 1946 Given at Westminster College (Fulton,Missouri) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yzcZBFlmLoA&list=PL3H6z037pboGWT xs3xGP7HRGrQ5dOQdGc

Analyzing primary sources Source 1: Marshall Plan 1. Who wrote this document? 2.When was this document written? 3. For what audience was the document written? What is the historical significance of this document? ( what did the document affect? What was the goal of the document during the Cold War

Korean War North Korea Vs. South Korea /KimII North Korea (Communist)Supported by Russia and Japan South Korea(Nationalist) Supported by the U.S/ General Douglas Macarthur 38th Parallel- The dividing line between North and South Korea(line of latitude) North Korea invades South Korea- June 25.1950 China joins the North Korean War effort to protect the main land from U.S attack/Mao Zedong

Korean War Macarthur and Truman Macarthur requests to Blockade and bomb Chinese Communist China Truman refuses the plan Macarthur is removed from duty Replaced by General Mathew Ridgeway War transitioned to stalemate

Results Truce arranged in 1943 between North and South Korea and the U.N U.S Troops remain in South Korea until 1959 North Korea remains Communist and is re-name The Democratic People’s of North Korea North Korea is one of five Communist nations in the current world Vietnam Laos North Korea Cuba China

The Domino theory American Foreign policy – Which stated that a communist takeover in one nation would spread to neighboring nations Origin- The Domino theory originated when North Vietnam(Indochina) declared itself a communist nation and led to separation from France This declaration led to the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan; France Turkey and Greece receive financial aid from America Goal: To contain Communism