Membrane Transport Study Guide Name: Date: Period: Membrane Transport Study Guide Relate “solute” to “solution.” Relate “concentration” to “solute.” Other than adding or removing solute, explain how you could change the concentration of a solution. Explain why it is incorrect to say that our bodies are 72% pure water. List four solutes found in plasma. Explain how O2 and CO2 are different from the other solutes found in plasma. Explain why the following statement is incorrect: “the concentration of a cell’s plasma changes depending on its environment.” A woman has been vigorously exercising for 30 minutes. Explain why the concentration of glucose in her cells remains constant, even though she keeps burning it for energy. A student skips lunch to re-take a quiz in Ms. Arak’s room. Explain why the concentration of glucose in his cells remains constant, even though he did not eat lunch. Other than solutes such as salt, glucose, O2 and CO2, identify another molecule that must be moved across the cell membrane to keep the concentration of plasma inside the cell constant. List 3 important features of the cell membrane. Explain what it means to say that the cell membrane is “selectively permeable.” List TWO reasons why the cell membrane is directly permeable to O2 and H2O molecules. Explain why the cell membrane is not directly permeable to glucose. Describe how the glucose enters the cell when it is needed. Explain why the cell membrane is not directly permeable to Na+ or Cl-. Describe how polar solute enters the cell when it is needed.

Explain how passive transport is different from active transport. Complete the chart below. Describe the process of simple diffusion. Give an example of a solute molecule that is transported via simple diffusion. Explain why simple diffusion is considered a form of passive transport. Describe the state of equilibrium. Use the word “concentration” in your answer. Describe the movement of solute particles once equilibrium has been reached. Describe the process of facilitated diffusion. Give 3 examples of solute that are transported via facilitated diffusion. List two ways that simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion are similar. List one way that simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion are different. Describe the process of active transport. Be sure to use the word “concentration” in your answer. Give an example of a solute that is actively transported out of cells. List two ways that active transport is different from passive transport. Differentiate between endocytosis and exocytosis. Explain why endocytosis and exocytosis are considered forms of active transport. Describe the process of osmosis. Passive or Active transport? Requires energy? Requires membrane protein? Direction of movement? Substance(s) moved Simple Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport Osmosis

35. Label the diagram below with the following terms: solute, water, hypertonic side, selectively permeable membrane. 36. Predict how osmosis pressure will change the water levels in the diagram, and explain why. 37. A animal cell is placed in fresh water. a. identify the cell as hypertonic or hypotonic to the fresh water. b. Predict what will happen to the size of the cell, and explain why. 38. A plant cell is placed in salt water. a. identify the cell as hypertonic or hypotonic to the salt water. Explain why fingertips wrinkle when you take a bath or go swimming. 40. Explain why the cells in multicellular organisms are not in danger of bursting as a result of osmotic pressure. A B