Metabolic syndrome may be associated with increased arterial stiffness even in the absence of hypertension: A study in 84 cases and 82 controls  Pauliina Kangas, Antti J. Tikkakoski, Anna M. Tahvanainen, Miia H. Leskinen, Jani M. Viitala, Mika Kähönen, Tiit Kööbi, Onni J. Niemelä, Jukka T. Mustonen, Ilkka H. Pörsti  Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental  Volume 62, Issue 8, Pages 1114-1122 (August 2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.02.009 Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Pulse wave velocity (A), aortic pulse pressure (B), augmentation index related to heart rate 75/min (C), and aortic augmentation pressure (D) in the study groups. HT, hypertensive subjects without any other components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS); NT-MetS, normotensive subjects with MetS; HT-MetS, hypertensive subjects with MetS; mean±CI; *p<0.05 vs. controls, †p<0.05 vs. HT, ‡p<0.05 vs. NT-MetS. Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental 2013 62, 1114-1122DOI: (10.1016/j.metabol.2013.02.009) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) (A), cardiac index (B), stroke index (C), and heart rate (D) in the study groups. Group abbreviations as in Fig. 1; mean±CI; *p<0.05 vs. controls, †p<0.05 vs. HT, ‡p<0.05 vs. NT-MetS. Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental 2013 62, 1114-1122DOI: (10.1016/j.metabol.2013.02.009) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions