BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS: GLOBALIZATION SOCI 302 Spring 2011 Instructor: Deniz Yükseker Koç Uni versity

What are some features of globalization? Creation of global financial markets New financial instruments Creation of new markets for goods Reducing turn-over time of capital Reducing turn-over time of consumption New firm structures (flexible specialization)

Increasing role of multinational corporations (operations in multiple countries) MNCs subcontracting production overseas Small firms cooperating with each other Strategic alliances (recall Manuel Castells)

How did globalization affect football clubs? Turkey: Football used to be a leisure activity for upper classes until the 1950s. Clubs were dominated by elites.

Turkish football 1960s – 1980s  democratic populism in football Both Istanbul and Anatolian teams flourished Football clubs represented local identities

Marketization of Turkish football 1980s – 1990s Increasing dominance of the “big three” in Istanbul Istanbul teams share most of the TV revenues Anatolian teams and lower division teams are sidelined Teams are controlled by big capitalists

Turkish football goes global Clubs turn into business organizations Big teams become publicly traded joint stock companies Increased revenues through merchandise sales, sponsorships, etc. Links between the world of politics and football

FC Barcelona: governance in the global age The cultural and political specificity of FC Barcelona  “more than a club” Different periods: Under Franco’s dictatorship Under the rule of Josep Nunez (1978-2000) Under Joan Laporta (2003-2008)

Barcelona The team is “owned” by its members – 160,000 socios Development of “member democracy” in the 2000s Emphasis on : Sporting performance Brand management Increased revenue from off-field activities, especially in international markets Corporate social responsibility

What kind of a business model does Barcelona represent What kind of a business model does Barcelona represent? Is it a stable model?