MEASURING PROGRESS OVER TIME: Sustainability Cultural Indicators Program-SCIP A joint effort of the Graham Sustainability Institute and the Institute for Social Research Robert Marans John Callewaert Noah Webster 5 December 2016

OVERVIEW Background Change in Sustainability Awareness (Indicators) Changes in Awareness of U-M’s Sustainability Initiatives (Individual Items) Change in Engagement in U-M Sustainability Activities (Individual items) Change in Pro-Environmental Behaviors (Indicators) Summary Some Conclusions Discussion

Climate Action Waste Prevention Healthy Env. Community Awareness Theme Guiding Principle 2025 Goals We will pursue energy efficiency and fiscally-responsible energy sourcing strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions toward long-term carbon neutrality. Reduce scope 1 & 2 greenhouse gas emissions by 25%. Decrease carbon intensity of passenger trips on U-M transportation options by 30%. Climate Action We will pursue purchasing, reuse, recycling, and composting strategies toward long-term waste eradication. Reduce waste tonnage diverted to disposal facilities by 40% Waste Prevention We will pursue land and water management, built environment, and product sourcing strategies toward improving the health of ecosystems and communities. Purchase 20% of U-M food in accordance with U-M Sustainable Food Purchasing Guidelines. Protect Huron River quality by reducing runoff from impervious surfaces and reducing the volume of land management chemicals used on campus by 40% Healthy Env. >3,000 acres: >450 bldgs >40,000 students; >33,000 faculty & staff We will pursue stakeholder engagement, education, and evaluation strategies toward a campus-wide ethic of sustainability. No formal goal adopted, but U-M will invest in programs to educate our community, track behavior, and report progress over time. Community Awareness

Research Design WEB SURVEYS – annually since 2012 Undergraduate students (2000) Graduate students (400) Staff (750) Faculty(750) Undergraduate student panel (800) Annual response rates 2012-2015: 22-44% student faculty/staff

CLIMATE ACTION WASTE PREVENTION HEALTHY ENVIRONMENTS COMMUNITY AWARENESS

CULTURAL INDICATORS CHANGES – AWARENESS AMONG ALL STUDENTS 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2012 2013 2014 2015 high   U-M Sustainability Initiatives Sustainable Travel and Transportation Waste Prevention Sustainable Foods Protecting the Natural Environment low Significant change from 2012

CULTURAL INDICATORS CHANGES – AWARENESS AMONG STUDENT PANEL – 4 years 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2012 2013 2014 2015   U-M Sustainability Initiatives Sustainable Foods Sustainable Travel and Transportation Waste Prevention Protecting the Natural Environment Significant change from 2012

CULTURAL INDICATORS CHANGES – AWARENESS AMONG STAFF 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2012 2013 2014 2015 high   U-M Sustainability Initiatives Waste Prevention Sustainable Foods Protecting the Natural Environment Sustainable Travel & Transportation low Significant change from 2012

CULTURAL INDICATORS CHANGES – AWARENESS AMONG FACULTY 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2012 2013 2014 2015 high   U-M Sustainability Initiatives Sustainable Travel and Transportation Waste Prevention Sustainable Foods Protecting the Natural Environment low Significant change from 2012

U-M SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVES How aware are you of U-M’s efforts to: How much do you know about: Climate Action Waste Reduction Healthy Environments Conserve energy? Reduce greenhouse gas emissions? Promote ride sharing? Encourage people to take a bus or bike? Bldg energy consumption Bldg energy conservation features Promote recycling? Promote composting? Promote food from sustainable sources? Maintain campus grounds in an environmentally-friendly manner? Protect the Huron River?

CLIMATE ACTION

AWARENESS OF U-M SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVES* CONSERVE ENERGY 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 2012 2013 2014 2015   Students Faculty Staff percent *Percent of respondents who were “very aware” or “somewhat aware” of U-M’s efforts to…………. Significant change from 2012

REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AWARENESS OF U-M SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVES* REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 2012 2013 2014 2015   Students Staff Faculty percent *Percent of respondents who were “very aware” or “somewhat aware” of U-M’s efforts to…………. Significant change from 2012

STAFF/FACULTY UNDERSTANDING OF BUILDING ENERGY CONSUMPTION 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 2012 2013 2014 2015   Faculty Staff percent *Percent of respondents who know “a lot ” or ‘ a fair amount ” about ………….

STAFF/FACULTY UNDERSTANDING OF BUILDING ENERGY CONSERVATION FEATURES 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 2012 2013 2014 2015   Faculty Staff percent *Percent of respondents who know “a lot ” or ‘ a fair amount ” about ………….

ENCOURAGING BUSING AND BIKING AWARENESS OF U-M SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVES* ENCOURAGING BUSING AND BIKING 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 2012 2013 2014 2015   Staff Faculty Students percent *Percent of respondents who were “very aware” or “somewhat aware” of U-M’s efforts to…………. Significant change from 2012

AWARENESS OF U-M SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVES* PROMOTE RIDE SHARING 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 2012 2013 2014 2015   Staff Faculty Students percent *Percent of respondents who were “very aware” or “somewhat aware” of U-M’s efforts to…………. Significant change from 2012

WASTE PREVENTION

AWARENESS OF U-M SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVES* PROMOTE RECYCLING 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 2012 2013 2014 2015   Staff Faculty Students percent *Percent of respondents who were “very aware” or “somewhat aware” of U-M’s efforts to…………. Significant change from 2012

AWARENESS OF U-M SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVES* PROMOTE COMPOSTING 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 2012 2013 2014 2015   Students Staff Faculty percent *Percent of respondents who were “very aware” or “somewhat aware” of U-M’s efforts to…………. Significant change from 2014

HEALTHY ENVIRONMENTS

PROMOTE FOOD FROM SUSTAINABLE SOURCES AWARENESS OF U-M SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVES* PROMOTE FOOD FROM SUSTAINABLE SOURCES 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 2012 2013 2014 2015   Students Staff Faculty percent *Percent of respondents who were “very aware” or “somewhat aware” of U-M’s efforts to…………. Significant change from 2012

MAINTAIN GROUNDS IN AN ENVIRONMENTALLY-FRIENDLY WAY AWARENESS OF U-M SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVES* MAINTAIN GROUNDS IN AN ENVIRONMENTALLY-FRIENDLY WAY 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 2012 2013 2014 2015   Staff Students Faculty percent *Percent of respondents who were “very aware” or “somewhat aware” of U-M’s efforts to…………. Significant change from 2012

PROTECT THE HURON RIVER AWARENESS OF U-M SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVES* PROTECT THE HURON RIVER 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 2012 2013 2014 2015   Students Staff Faculty percent *Percent of respondents who were “very aware” or “somewhat aware” of U-M’s efforts to…………. Significant change from 2012

CHANGES IN PARTICIPATION IN U-M SUSTAINABILITY ACTIVITIES AMONG STUDENTS, STAFF & FACULTY 2012-2015

CHANGES in STUDENT ENGAGEMENT Percent of Students Who Participated in Activity* 30 27 24 21 18 15 12 9 6 3 2012 2013 2014 2015 percent   Sustainability coursework U-M Sustainability Organization Earthfest Planet Blue Ambassadors RecyleMania Zero Waste Event Kill-a-Watt e-Waste Recycling Event In 2012,2013, & 2014, the following question was asked for each activity: “Have you ever participated in….?”. In 2015, two questions were asked for each activity: “During the past year, did you participate in…….?” If R said “no”, R was asked: Have you ever participated in …..? The 2015 percentages represent the number of R’s who said “yes” to both questions.

CHANGES in STAFF ENGAGEMENT Percent of Staff Who Had Ever Participated in Activity 30 27 24 21 18 15 12 9 6 3 2012 2013 2014 2015 percent   E-Waste Recycling Event U-M Sustainability Organization RecyleMania Earthfest Planet Blue Ambassadors Sustainability Workplace Certificate Program Zero Waste Event Significant change from 2012 In 2012,2013, & 2014, the following question was asked for each activity: “Have you ever participated in….?”. In 2015, two questions were asked for each activity: “During the past year, did you participate in…….?” If R said “no”, R was asked: Have you ever participated in …..? The 2015 percentages represent the number of R’s who said “yes” to both questions.

CHANGES in FACULTY ENGAGEMENT Percent of Faculty Who Had Ever Participated in Activity 30 27 24 21 18 15 12 9 6 3 2012 2013 2014 2015 percent   E-Waste Recycling Event U-M Sustainability Organization RecyleMania Earthfest Planet Blue Ambassadors Sustainability Workplace Certificate Program Zero Waste Event Significant change from 2012 In 2012,2013, & 2014, the following question was asked for each activity: “Have you ever participated in….?”. In 2015, two questions were asked for each activity: “During the past year, did you participate in…….?” If R said “no”, R was asked: Have you ever participated in …..? The 2015 percentages represent the number of R’s who said “yes” to both questions.

PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIORS AMONG STUDENTS, STAFF & FACULTY 2012-2015

PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIORS STUDENT PANEL STUDENTS STAFF FACULTY

SUMMARY Sustainability Awareness (knowledge, understanding) In general, understanding of U-M’s sustainability initiatives is modest & unchanged over time Knowledge about sustainable foods increased over 4 years among all groups Student understanding of means to protect natural environment improved between 2012 & 2015 Overall, Student knowledge of transportation options in AA decreased between 2012 & 2015 Individual student knowledge of transportation options in AA increased over 4 years at U-M Sustainability Awareness at U-M In general, awareness of U-M’s sustainability initiatives is modest & unchanged over time All 2015 groups know more in about effort to promote sustainable foods now than in 2012. Compared to the 2012 students, 2015 students & the 2015 faculty know more about U-M efforts to maintain grounds in an environmentally-friendly way & protect the Huron River Between 2014 & 2015, greater awareness of efforts to promote composting among students but not among staff and faculty.

Sustainability Awareness at U-M (continued) Compared to 2012 students, the 2015 students know less about efforts to conserve energy & promote ride sharing Compared to 2012 staff, 2015 staff know less about U-M efforts to conserve energy & to promote recycling Sustainability Engagement at U-M Engagement in sustainability activities at U-M relatively low but increasing over 4 years Except for the PBA program, student involvement in sustainability activities increased significantly over 4 years. PBA grew modestly. Faculty & staff participation increased significantly in all U-M sustainability programs E-Waste Recycling is the most popular of U-M sustainability programs/activities Pro-Environmental Behaviors Overall, fair to moderately good behavior; student travel better than staff/faculty Strong in waste prevention/reduction activities with significant improvements over 4 years for all groups Sustainable food purchases among staff increased over 4 years Faculty improvements in maintaining their yards 4 years Engagement in sustainability activities at U-M relatively low but increasing over 4 years

SOME CONCLUSIONS Where U-M is doing well & should continue or intensify efforts Waste prevention awareness among students and faculty Promoting sustainable & locally grown foods Planet Blue Ambassadors E-Waste Recycling Where U-M needs to do better Promoting and marketing alternative travel options Communicating U-M efforts to conserve energy and reduce CO2 emissions Developing better ways of informing employees about energy use in their buildings Educating all groups about the benefits of pro-environmental behaviors at home/ at U-M Communicate & market ways in which students, faculty, & staff can get involved in sustainability activities on campus

DISCUSSION http://graham.umich.edu/campus/scip