16-5 The Way to Victory
DECEMBER 13.1862
Important facts about Battle of Fredericksburg (J)
Generals Union Ambrose Burnside Q Confederates Robert E. Lee I
Union soldiers attempt to build pontoon bridge (while under fire- white smoke in background)
Battle of Fredericksburg Delays allowed the Confederates to become “entrenched” on high ground outside of town.
Example of entrenched Confederate troops
Here is the stonewall Confederates were “entrenched” behind at the top of Marye’s Heights
Battle of Fredericksburg Burnside ordered his men to take the heights on the opposite side of the river They failed – after more than 10 attempts Thousands of men lay wounded on the field that night! A Confederate officer asked to go over the wall and give water and aid to those fallen soldiers
Importance of the Battle of Fredericksburg: Overwhelming Union defeat Burnside withdrawals from Fredericksburg Burnside then resigns (quits)
MAY 1863
Battle of Chancellorsville (E) Union general Joe Hooker (U) Confederate general Robert E. Lee (I) Stonewall Jackson (G)
Important facts about Battle of Chancellorsville Occurs May 1-4th, 1863 Confederate victory Lee considers it his “most perfect” victory Also it is his greatest loss—why? Stonewall Jackson is accidentally killed by his own troops on the last night of the battle Confederacy decides to invade North again!
Battle of Chancellorsville Lee learned of the wounding of Jackson in his left arm and was rumored to say: “HE HAS LOST HIS LEFT ARM AND I HAVE LOST MY RIGHT”
Jackson’s burial site Lexington, Virginia
JULY 1-3 -1863
Battle of Gettysburg (H)
Battle of Gettysburg Important Facts Union general George Meade (D) Confederate general Robert E Lee (I) Largest battle of war – 150,000 total men involved Turning point battle of the war Bloodiest battle of war - 50,000 total casualties First major Union victory 3 Day Battle July 1,2,3
Gettysburg – July 3,1863 PICKETT’S CHARGE (L) Huge (15,000 ) infantry charge against Union center. Confederates casualty rates near 50% Union lines hold and Confederates retreat
Pickett’s Charge Pickett’s Charge Fighting at THE ANGLE
JULY 4 1863
Final Phase of the War Vicksburg (R)falls July 4, 1863 Grant (K)is the victorious commander Union now controls ALL of Miss River!
November of 1863
William T. Sherman U.S. Grant Grant (K)/Sherman (A) capture Chattanooga (O), Tennessee William T. Sherman U.S. Grant
Lincoln at Gettysburg- November 19, 1863.
Gettysburg Address November 19, 1863 Why is it so remembered? Lincoln was able to, in a short speech, tell Americans why the war was important and why the Union needed to win it. Four score and seven years ago.. Gettysburg Address November 19, 1863
main speaker at the Gettysburg "I should be glad, if I could flatter myself that I came as near to the central idea of the occasion, in two hours, as you did in two minutes." Edward Everett main speaker at the Gettysburg dedication. Gettysburg Address
Gettysburg Address This is the only photograph of Lincoln during the speech- sitting back down after the speech
OUTSIDE RICHMOND, VIRGINIA – June of 1864 SERIES OF BATTLES OUTSIDE RICHMOND, VIRGINIA
(K)Grant – June of 1864 The Wilderness (W)-(May 5-7) -1864 Spotsylvania Courthouse (B) (May 8-21)st Battle of Cold Harbor (T) (May 31st – June 12th) (K)Grant – June of 1864
August 1864 David Farragut (N) captures Mobile Bay (S), Alabama
September / December 1864
Sherman (A)-- His forces push thru Tennessee Eventually he surrounds Atlanta (C) Takes the city in September 1864 Decides to “March to Sea” Will take over one month- to march to Savannah (P) - captures city in December 1864.
Actual telegram
Grant --meanwhile
Grant – meanwhile Petersburg (F ) Lee fights a long 9 month siege With Grant’s army. Petersburg (F )
Trench warfare- June 64- April 1865 Soldiers wait in a trench for orders to move forward
Trench warfare
April 2, 1865 Richmond (V) falls to the Union- April 3 Lee(I) army flees westward
April 4, 1865-Lincoln vi
April 5 April 7 April 3 April 6 April 8/9 Lee’s Retreat
Appomattox Courthouse (M) This home was the site of the surrender. Lee (I) surrender To Grant(K)
The Mclean House today!
The surrender. There is nothing left for me to do but to go and see General Grant…..[and] I would rather die a thousand deaths. General Robert E. Lee The surrender.
Results More than 600,000 dead Union is triumphant The federal government has gained power over the state governments. Lincoln has guided the country through its toughest times since the Revolution.