The Mishkan: A Perpetuation of Ma’amad Har Sinai

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Presentation transcript:

The Mishkan: A Perpetuation of Ma’amad Har Sinai Parshat Vayakhel: The Mishkan: A Perpetuation of Ma’amad Har Sinai Shiur by Menachem Leibtag Presentation by Ronni Libson

Order of presentation of items relating to Mishkan Teruma/Tezaveh Vayakhel/Pkudei Introduction – Shchina Keilim (chapter 25) The aron – which will house the luchot The kaporet – from where God will speak to Moshe The shulchan – on which the lechem will be placed The menora - which will provide light Structure – ohel moed (chapter 26) The “yeriot” The “krashim” The “parochet” Chatzer (chapter 27) The mizbayach – the alter in front of the ohel moed The courtyard – “amudei v’kalei ha’chatzer “ Kohanim (chapters 28 & 29) The bigdei Kehuna The dedication ceremony (miluim) Misc. Topics (chapter 30) The builder – Betzalel (chapter 31) Shabbat (build Mishkan forbidden - 31:11-17) Shabbat When construction work is permitted (35:1-3) Teruma Collection of building materials (35:4-29) The builder Appointment of Betzalel – and fellow artisans Structure –ohel moed (36:8-38) The “yeriot” The “krashim” The “parochet” Keilim (chapter 37) The aron The shulchan The menora The mizbach ktoret (from misc. above) Chatzer (chapter 38) The mizbayach The kiyor (from misc. above) The courtyard Kohanim (chapter 39) The bigdei Kehuna Construction Assembly of the Mishkan on 1st of Nissan (40:1-33) Shchina God’s glory dwells on the Mishkan (40:34-38)

Questions: Why are all details of Mishkan repeated? After all, it is a one-time mitzva! Why is the Shchina aspect, which plays a prominent in Teruma/Tezaveh, almost missing from Vayakhel/Pekudei? Why does Shmot only record only those relating to the Mishkan? First 40 days: ויאמר ידוד אל משה עלה אלי ההרה והיה שם ואתנה לך את לחת האבן והתורה והמצוה אשר כתבתי להורתם: (שמות כד:יב) Last 40 days: ואחרי כן נגשו כל בני ישראל ויצום את כל אשר דבר ידוד אתו בהר סיני: (שמות לד:לב) Moshe receives many mitzvot on Har Sinai, and tells them all to Bnei Yisrael

Ramban ונתיחד ספר ואלה שמות בענין הגלות הראשון... והנה הגלות איננו נשלם עד יום שובם אל מקומם ואל מעלת אבותם ישובו... וכשבאו אל הר סיני ועשו המשכן ושב הקב"ה והשרה שכינתו ביניהם אז שבו אל מעלות אבותם... ולכן נשלם הספר הזה בהשלימו ענין המשכן ובהיות כבוד ה' מלא אותו תמיד: (רמב"ן שמות - הקדמה) Spiritual level Bnei Yisrael attained at Ma’amad Har Sinai was lost as a result of chet ha’egel God removed Shchina Bnei Yisrael must actively bring it back Shmot ends with Mishkan Involvement in process of building Mishkan – “spiritual rehabilitation” Completion of Bnei Yisrael’s redemption

Construction of Mishkan as “tikun” for chet ha’egel ויקהל משה את כל עדת בני ישראל ויאמר אלהם אלה הדברים אשר צוה ידוד לעשת אתם: (שמות לה:א) וירא העם כי בשש משה לרדת מן ההר ויקהל העם על אהרן ויאמרו אליו קום עשה לנו אלהים... (שמות לב:א) “New” gathering of people for construction of Mishkan serves as “tikun” for original gathering to build egel Mishkan Chet Ha’egel קחו מאתכם תרומה לידוד כל נדיב לבו יביאה את תרומת ידוד זהב וכסף ונחשת: (שמות לה:ה) ויאמר אלהם אהרן פרקו נזמי הזהב אשר באזני נשיכם בניכם ובנתיכם והביאו אלי: ויתפרקו כל העם את נזמי הזהב אשר באזניהם ויביאו אל אהרן: (שמות לב:ב-ג) Commandment to donate gold and other objects is “tikun” for donating gold for egel

Construction of Mishkan as “tikun” for chet ha’egel "כאשר צוה ידוד את משה" Repeated over 20 times throughout Vayakhel/Pekudei Chet ha’egel – physical representation of their perception of God Innocent goal – leads to idol worship When God chooses symbol of physical representation Mitzva Mishkan Torah stresses Bnei Yisrael learned their lesson: Construct Mishkan precisely “as God commanded Moshe”

Mishkan: After all components are put into place ...ויכל משה את המלאכה: ויכס הענן את אהל מועד וכבוד ידוד מלא את המשכן: (שמות מ:לג-לד) Dwelling of Shchina on Mishkan Dwelling of Shchina on Har Sinai = ויעל משה אל ההר ויכס הענן את ההר: וישכן כבוד ידוד על הר סיני ויכסהו הענן ששת ימים ויקרא אל משה ביום השביעי מתוך הענן: (שמות כד:טו-טז) Only after constructing Mishkan – "כאשר צוה ידוד את משה" – does Shchina return to Bnei Yisrael Ramban: Entire redemption process is complete End of Sefer Shmot – completion of tikun for chet ha’egel

Mishkan – only other context keruvim are mentioned: Gan Eden – ideal spiritual environment Sin of Adam – banished from Gan Eden: ויגרש את האדם וישכן מקדם לגן עדן את הכרבים ואת להט החרב המתהפכת לשמר את דרך עץ החיים: (בראשית ג:כד) Keruvim guard the path of return to the Tree of Life Mishkan – only other context keruvim are mentioned: 1) On kaporet – protectors of aron, which contains luchot 2) Woven into parochet – curtains which guard entrance into Kodesh ha’kodashim (where aron and luchot are)

Conceptual relationship between Gan Eden and Mishkan: Keruvim on kaporet (protecting aron) “Tree of Life” of Gan Eden has been replaced by Torah (luchot inside aron) Keruvim woven into parochet remind man: entry into Kodesh ha’kodashim remains limited and requires spiritual readiness Mishkan – “Tikun” for sin of Adam in Gan Eden Should man wish to return to the Tree of Life, he must keep God’s covenant – the laws of the Torah, as symbolized by the luchot ha’edut in the aron, protected by the keruvim