Homeroom Testing Information Bring a book and TWO number #2 pencils tomorrow (NO MECHANICAL) No reading will be allowed until the minimum of the testing time has passed (70 minutes) No reading until the testing book has been taken Cellphones and Smartwatches must be left in your LOCKER. Calculators on math days will be permitted for specified parts of the test. No TI-83 or TI-84

Monday, April 17th: AGENDA: -Juvenile Justice Notes Warm-up: Turn to page 550. Use Figure 73 to answer the questions below and explain your answer: 1. Out of the SIX court cases, which do you feel is most important for schools to enforce in order to protect education? 2. Out of the SIX court cases, which do you feel is the most important in regards to protecting students’ rights?

Acronyms DJJ - Department of Juvenile Justice JPPS - Juvenile Parole & Probation Specialists RYDC - Regional Youth Detention Center DFCS - Department of Family and Child Services YDC - Youth Development Campus

Explain how the Georgia court system treats juvenile offenders Juvenile Justice Explain how the Georgia court system treats juvenile offenders

Vocabulary Truancy- Failure to attend school Juveniles- Citizens under the age of 17

3 Laws for Juveniles Must attend school until at least 16 years old Cannot run away from home Cannot possess alcohol until 21 and tobacco until 18

3 Main Purposes of Juvenile Court Help and protect the well-being of children Make sure any child coming under the jurisdiction of the court has the care, guidance, and control needed Provide for children who have been removed from their homes

Vocabulary Delinquent Act- an act considered a crime if committed by an adult Can include theft, assault, possession of drugs, rape, and murder. If serious enough, juvenile can be charged as an adult Status Offense(unruly act)- an act which would not be a crime if committed by an adult Possession of alcohol or tobacco, leaving home w/o permission, breaking curfew, skipping school, driving w/o license, not following reasonable commands of parents or other adults Can result in placement in juvenile detention center

Steps to Juvenile System Step 1: Intake and Custody- an intake officer decides if there is enough evidence to make a charge against the juvenile Who is involved in the intake process? The juvenile court system and the court service system of the DJJ Options: Informal adjustment- Juvenile must admit guilt to judge and is under the supervision of the courts for 90 days. Usually for first time offenders. Adjudicatory hearing- the judge determines the juvenile’s guilt or innocence after listening to all evidence. NO Juries! If guilty, a second hearing is scheduled, if not guilty the juvenile is released. Divert the case to services outside the court Recommend that the case be dismissed

Steps to Juvenile System When does the Georgia intake process take place? 24 hours, uninterrupted by weekends or holidays Why do you think it is this way? Custody- Who has to be notified when a youth is taken into custody? Parents and/or legal guardians are notified of the detainment The detention assessment instrument is used to help determine which of three actions will be used? Detain Release youth with conditions Release youth with unconditional release This assessment also helps determines which two possible risks? Risk to re-offend (commit another crime) Risk of youth not appearing for their scheduled court hearing Final arrangements are made and include what three options? Release the youth Transport youth to a RYDC if being securely detained Alternative placement such as a shelter

Steps to Juvenile System Step 2: Probably Cause Hearing- What is the timeframe for when a probable cause hearing must happen? Must be held within 48 hours of a youth’s detention at a RYDC At this hearing, a juvenile court judge reviews what information? Reviews the findings from the Intake Officer’s Investigations The judge also considers bail as an option and determines whether further detention is required. If the judge determines further detention is needed, a petition must be filed and completed within 72 hours. What is the next date set and what timeframe must it occur within? A formal adjudicatory hearing is set and generally happens within 10 days of the petition. If it is determined advice and counsel, without an adjudication, is in the best interest of the child, the court may move to informally adjust or to divert the case.

Steps to Juvenile System Step 3: Adjudicatory Hearing-look back at your explanation from the textbook Step 4: Dispositional Hearing- What is the purpose of a dispositional hearing? To establish the need for treatment, rehabilitation, or supervision 8 options: Place the youth on probation Commit the youth to the custody of the DJJ Declare the youth a designated felon under the designated felon statue Sentence the child to serve up to a maximum of 30 days in a youth development campus After assessment and with court’s approval, in a treatment program provided by the DJJ Turn the case over to DFCS Declare the youth mentally incompetent (can not stand trial) Transfer the case to the Superior Court What type of cases does the Superior Court handle? Felonies What do you think the juvenile may have done to end up here? When is the dispositional hearing held? May be immediately following the adjudicatory hearing or be set for a later date

Steps to Juvenile System Step 5: Commitment-when the court chooses to commit the youth to the custody of the DJJ What happens within 10 working days of the commitment? The youth’s case will undergo a screening process by a committee of juvenile justice professionals and representatives of other child serving agencies involved with the youth What is the purpose of this action? to assess the youth’s risk to the public and treatment needs and to recommend the best placement What does this action determine? seek an alternate placement (group home or wilderness program) Placement at a state youth development campus Who is typically involved in this phase? At least 4 DJJ staff and representatives of other child serving agencies involved with the youth RYDC Counselor Assessment Classification Specialist Representatives from the Division of Corrections Mental health and DFCS staff

Steps to Juvenile System Describe the timing differences between the two placement options. For alternate placement: efforts begin immediately. There are rules concerning how long youth can remain in detention awaiting placement For placement at a YDC: placement will occur as soon as a YDC bed becomes available Placement Chart

Seven (8) Deadly Sins How are juveniles guilty of violating Georgia’s “Seven Deadly Sins” law treated differently than other juvenile offenders? Treated as adults with adult trial and sentencing First Offense– non-parolable sentence of at least 10 yrs. Minimum sentencing for first offense of murder is LIFE, with no parole eligibility for 25 yrs. Second Offense- for any of the “7 Deadly Sins” – LIFE with NO parole.

“8 Deadly Sins”-as of July 2014 Murder Murder in the Second Degree*** (degrees of murder didn’t exist in Ga. until 2014; 2nd degree murder is when criminal negligence causes a child under 18 cruel or excessive physical or mental pain) Voluntary Manslaughter (person intentionally kills another person "in the heat of passion.” i.e. response to threat, self-defense, loss of temper/anger) Rape Aggravated Sodomy Aggravated Child Molestation Aggravated Sexual Battery Armed Robbery if committed with a firearm ”aggravated”-include the use of a weapon, the status of the victim (peace officers, firefighters, teachers or public officials, disabled, the elderly, a very young person or a mentally-handicapped person) , the intent of the perpetrator, or the degree of injury caused, heinousness of the crime, lack of remorse, or prior conviction of another crime.

#2: Student Rights in Schools First amendment rights of freedom of religion, speech, the press, the right to assemble, and the right to petition (school boards determine what is appropriate, lewd or offensive) Fourth Amendment rights against unreasonable searches and seizures (schools need only reasonable suspicion) Fifth Amendment rights of students (equal protection under the law and right of due process of law)

#3: Student Responsibilities in Schools Students must attend school between the ages of six and sixteen. Students must follow reasonable rules and regulations, behavior codes, and even dress codes. Students must work with school officials to prevent disruptions and violence in their schools.