British Mercantile Policies in the American Colonies

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Presentation transcript:

British Mercantile Policies in the American Colonies Colonial America Economy 1650 - 1763

Economic Overview Regional economic systems: New England Subsistence farming; family farms Crops: oats, rye, corn Livestock: sheep, hogs, cattle OTHER: Fishing, fur, lumber, shipping, trade Social & political features: Towns & seaport cities Village clustered around green: close-knit Common Puritan values Town meetings (“direct democracy”)

Economic Overview (cont.) Middle Colonies Larger farms: wheat, rye, barley Small cities and towns for trade, shipping Social & political Towns & cities (seaports) Clustered villages & outlying farms Southern Colonies Larger plantations: tobacco, rice, indigo Few cities, scattered towns (more isolated)

Common Ties Starting in a “new land” 90% engaged in agriculture Mostly English heritage (language, laws, traditions, etc.) Everywhere labor is needed Indentured servants Immigration Slaves

Slaves Below Deck

Ad: Sale of Indentured Servants (Just Arrived)

Colonial Economic Policy: Mercantilism Purpose: Reduce competition Build wealth & power (silver, gold, colonies) Raw materials & new markets Economic self-sufficiancy Navigation Acts Br./Amer. Ships & crew Imports from Europe go thru London- taxed Enumerated products: go to England

Effects of Mercantilism Promoted shipbuilding & trade Tobacco: protected market Br. Navy protects Not always enforced Some limits on manufacturing. Tobacco higher price elsewhere Buying manufactured goods from Engl. $$$$

Colonial Board of Trade Controlled trade & colonial affairs Expanded “enumerated” list Passed restrictive manufacturing laws Prohibited use of paper currency Ineffective enforcement (smuggling) Officials could be bribed Period of “salutary neglect”: