Chapter 12 Principles of Human Services Teens and Grooming Chapter 12 Principles of Human Services

Objectives Determine your skin type and describe how to care for it. Explain how to care for your teeth. Describe considerations of shampooing, conditioning, and styling your hair. Demonstrate hand and foot care.

First Impressions Other peoples impressions of you are influenced by the way you look. Your appearance can also have a great impact on your self- image. Your appearance is largely determined by the way you care for yourself. Grooming means cleaning and caring for the body, from head to toe.

Definitions Grooming – cleaning and caring for the body. Dermatologist – doctor who specializes in treating skin. Deodorant – a grooming product that controls body odor by interfering with the growth of bacteria. Antiperspirant – a grooming product that reduces the flow of perspiration. Depilatories – a chemical that dissolves unwanted hair so that it can be washed away. Plaque – a colorless film of bacteria that forms on the teeth. Podiatrist – a physical specializing in the care of feet.

Skin Type There are four skin types Dry skin – needs gentle care. Regular soap may be too harsh for dry skin. It may remove oils that are needed to keep the skin soft and pliable. Cleaning creams with an oil base may be better for dry skin. Apply a moisturizer to keep skill supple. All cosmetics should be oil-based. Avoid prolonged contact with hot water. In winter use a humidifier to prevent drying out of skin. Try to limit showers to five minutes Combination Skin – try cleaning based on the majority principle. If you skin is mostly oily, treat it like oily skin. If your skin is mostly dry, treat is like dry skin. You may have to give special attention to an area that is more dry or oily than the rest. Water-based cosmetics are preferred for combination skin. There are four skin types Normal Oily Dry Combination Once you have determined your skin type you can determine best how to care for it. Normal Skin – should be cleansed every morning and night. This removes surface dirt and oils. Using a moisturizer after cleansing helps prevent chapping and roughness. Oily skin – should be cleansed often. After cleansing, cold water should be splashed on the face to help shrink pores. An astringent can also be used to tighten pores temporarily. Women should use water-based make-up products. If acne becomes a problem see a dermatologist.

Identifying Your Skin Type Normal Dry Oily Combination Takes 4 hours after cleaning for slight shine to appear on your nose, chin or forehead Takes 6 + hours after cleansing for a slight shine to appear on nose, chin or forehead Takes 1-2 hours after cleansing for an oily shine to appear on nose, chin or forehead Takes 3 hours after cleansing for an oily shine to appear on nose, chine or forehead Feels smooth, soft, and slightly moist Has a fine texture with small pores Has a coarse texture and enlarged pores, especially on the chin and nose. Has enlarged pores and blackheads in the oily areas – nose, chin or forehead Has a clear, smooth texture with few enlarged pores or blemishes Feels tight and has fine lines around the eyes and mouth Develops pimples and blackheads Feels dry around the eyes, cheeks, mouth and throat Becomes red, sore and chapped in cold weather Shows a little flakiness around the nose where excess oil has dried from exposure to the air

Identifying Your Skin Type Answer questions on worksheet. On bottom of page list what products you are currently using on your face.

Basic Hygiene Includes cleaning your whole body. Need to take a shower/bath every day. Soap and warm water will remove dirt, oils, and dead skin cells. Help you feel and smell fresh. Use a deodorant or antiperspirant to control body odor. As teens mature they begin shaving. Men remove facial hair Women remove leg and underarm hair Shaving cream will soften the hair before shaving for men and women. Light, even strokes produces a close shave. Applying moisturizer after shaving keeps skin soft and smooth. Some women use chemical depilatories to remove hair. Avoid exposure to the sun. Sun is damaging to the skin and is a leading cause of skin cancer. Stay out of sun when rays are the strongest – between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m. Wear long sleeves, pants and hats to cover the skin. Apply sunscreen Regular dental checkups and daily brushing/flossing should be part of routine Choose a soft-bristled brush Brush in gentle, circular motion Plaque and sugars create acid that attack the gums and tooth enamel leading to tooth decay and gum disease.

Healthy teeth and gums Unhealthy teeth and gums

Basic Hygiene Continued Hair care is basic to a healthy, attractive appearance. Need to determine if it is oily, dry or normal. Oily hair looks limp a day or two after shampooing. It begins to cling close to the scalp. Dry hair feels dry and tends to have a “fly away” look. How often you shampoo is determined by hair type. Oily hair shampoo daily Dry hair once or twice a week Problems with dandruff or scalp infection shampoo more often Choose a shampoo formulated for your hair type. Rinse hair thoroughly to carry away loosened scalp flakes and all traces of suds. Residue from shampoo can leave a dulling film and cause flaking and itching. When shampooing oily hair, use cool water for final rinse, warm water will activate the oil glands making the hair even more oily. Choose combs and brushes that will treat your hair gently. Combs should have teeth with smooth, round edges. Brushes should have natural bristles or soft bristles with rounded tips. Clean combs and brushes with shampoo as often as necessary. Conditioning products can help reduce tangling and make hair more manageable. Can restore appearance of hair that has been damaged by over styling and chemical treatments. Give hair more body, bounce, shine, and softness. The basic rules for hairstyles are same for men & women. Consider the texture of your hair, the shape of your face, and your lifestyle when choosing a hairstyle. Activity: Make a collage of hairstyle pictures that you think would enhance your features.

Caring for Hands Weekly Hand Care Cleanse hands thoroughly Clean under nail tips with a manicure stick Shape and smooth nails with a flexible emery board; file from underneath each nail in one direction only Scrub nails in warm, soapy water with a small nail brush to soften cuticles. Gently push back cuticles with a manicure stick Trim any hangnails or ragged edges but never trim the cuticle itself Massage conditioning cream around each nail and over hands. Your hands are in sight most of the time and are an important part of your overall appearance. Wash hands frequently to keep them clean Dry each fingernail separately, pushing cuticles back as you go. Pushing dry cuticles will tear them and make them sore. Keeping nails attractively manicured does not take a lot of time.

Caring for Feet Your feet get a lot of use and abuse Every day you should wash your feet thoroughly using soap and a washcloth Scrub around toenails with a nailbrush Use a pumice stone to smooth rough spots and calluses Dry your feet thoroughly especially between the toes Trim toenails straight across; shaping them tends to encourage ingrown toenails Foot problems are common; some are minor and can be treated at home Athlete’s foot is a contagious fungus infection that people pick up anywhere. Over the counter products can cure athlete’s feet Other foot problems need the attention of a podiatrist Plantar warts and stubborn corns

Complete the Good Grooming Crossword Puzzle