Adipokines, bone-derived factors and bone turnover in obese children; evidence for altered fat-bone signalling resulting in reduced bone mass P. Dimitri,

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Adipokines, bone-derived factors and bone turnover in obese children; evidence for altered fat-bone signalling resulting in reduced bone mass P. Dimitri, J.K. Wales, N. Bishop Bone Volume 48, Issue 2, Pages 189-196 (February 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2010.09.034 Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Box plots for free leptin (loge) and adiponectin (loge) adjusted for TW3 bone age and gender for obese and control groups divided by a prior history of fracture at baseline. Bars show medians, box edges (“hinges”) approximate interquartile ranges and whiskers the main body of data. Precisely, the whiskers extend from the box to the highest data value not above the High hinge+1.5 (high hinge−low hinge) and from the box to the lowest data value not below the low hinge−1.5 (high hinge−low hinge). Any data value beyond these limits are plotted with a circle unless it exceeds either the High hinge+3.0 (high hinge−low hinge) or the low hinge−3.0 (high hinge−low hinge) in which case, it is plotted with a starburst. The shaded intervals for comparing medians are placed symmetrically around the median at Median±1.58 (high hinge−low hinge)/√n. The shaded area is effectively median±95% confidence interval. Groups are: 1. Non-obese no previous fracture; 2. Non-obese history of prior fracture; 3. Obese no previous fracture; 4. Obese history of prior fracture. Bone 2011 48, 189-196DOI: (10.1016/j.bone.2010.09.034) Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 (i and ii) Box plots for OPG (loge) in obese and lean groups before and after dividing for prior fracture history. Bars show medians, box edges interquartile ranges and whiskers the main body of data. Open circles indicate outliers. Grey area is median±95% confidence interval. Groups are: 1. Non-obese no previous fracture; 2. Non-obese history of prior fracture; 3. Obese no previous fracture; 4. Obese history of prior fracture. (iii and iv) Scatterplots for free leptin index (loge) against OPG (loge), and for total body fat mass (loge) against OPG (loge) following correction for gender, TW3 bone age and pubertal stage. Bone 2011 48, 189-196DOI: (10.1016/j.bone.2010.09.034) Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 (i–iii) Box plots for the bone turnover markers CTx, P1NP and CTx/P1NP (adjusted for pubertal stage and gender) comparing obese and lean children. Bars show medians, box edges interquartile ranges and whiskers the main body of data. Grey area is median±95% confidence interval. Bone 2011 48, 189-196DOI: (10.1016/j.bone.2010.09.034) Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 a) Scatter plot for free leptin (loge) vs. RANKL (loge) based upon obese and control groups divided by a history of fracture. b) Scatter plot for free leptin (loge) vs. OPG (loge) based upon obese and control groups divided by a history of fracture. Bone 2011 48, 189-196DOI: (10.1016/j.bone.2010.09.034) Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions