Reduced Neuronal Activity in Language-Related Regions After Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Therapy for Auditory Verbal Hallucinations Jochen Kindler,

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Reduced Neuronal Activity in Language-Related Regions After Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Therapy for Auditory Verbal Hallucinations Jochen Kindler, Philipp Homan, Kay Jann, Andrea Federspiel, Richard Flury, Martinus Hauf, Werner Strik, Thomas Dierks, Daniela Hubl Biological Psychiatry Volume 73, Issue 6, Pages 518-524 (March 2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.06.019 Copyright © 2013 Society of Biological Psychiatry Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Cerebral blood flow, z-transformed, as measured by arterial spin labeling, paired t test, p < .001, cluster size >20. Yellow areas show a significant decrease in the cerebral blood flow for the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) treatment group between pre- and post-TMS measurements in three regions of interest: the left primary auditory cortex, Broca's area, and the cingulate gyrus. The corresponding cluster information is provided in Table 2. L, left. Biological Psychiatry 2013 73, 518-524DOI: (10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.06.019) Copyright © 2013 Society of Biological Psychiatry Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Mean cerebral blood flow (CBF), z-transformed, extracted for regions of interest before and after transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) therapy. CBF was reduced after TMS in the primary auditory cortex of 14 of 15 individuals, in Broca's area for 13 of 15, and in the cingulate gyrus of 13 of 15. Pre, before treatment; post, after treatment. Biological Psychiatry 2013 73, 518-524DOI: (10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.06.019) Copyright © 2013 Society of Biological Psychiatry Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Correlation of psychopathology and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the primary auditory cortex. Decrease in psychopathology (Δ Psychotic Symptom Rating Scale [PsyRats]) and decrease in cerebral blood flow (Δ CBF, z-transformed) correlated significantly in the primary auditory cortex (Pearson's r = .77, p = .001). Biological Psychiatry 2013 73, 518-524DOI: (10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.06.019) Copyright © 2013 Society of Biological Psychiatry Terms and Conditions