Unit 7 Study Guide

1. What does the term, “ratify” mean? To approve

2. List the 4 Representatives from SC attended the Constitutional Convention Charles Pinckney Charles Cotesworth Pinckney Pierce Butler John Rutledge

3. List and describe the 3 branches of government. Executive Branch- The President (enforces laws) Legislative Branch- Congress (makes laws) Judicial Branch- Supreme Court (interprets laws)

4. What representative from SC was made President of the Continental Congress? Henry Laurens

5. Charles Pinckney is credited with contributing 43 words and ideas to what document? The US Constitution

6. Explain what a Federalist is. Supports the Constitution-wants a strong national government

7. Why were the Articles of Confederation considered a weak document? Created a weak national government Gave too much power to the states

8. Why did South Carolina want slaves to be counted as part of their population? To increase their number of representatives in Congress

9. Why did Anti-Federalists fear the US Constitution? Felt it gave too much power to the federal government

10. Why was Columbia chosen as the new capital for South Carolina? It was located in the middle of the state

11. How does the south’s reliance on cash crops influence their position on legislative representation? Want to include slaves because much of their population is composed of slaves who provide the labor for their agricultural based economy

12. Explain why both the Upcountry and the Lowcountry felt they were entitled to more representation in the legislative branch of SC’s government? Lowcountry- paid more in taxes Upcountry- had a larger population

13. Explain how the cotton gin was able to unite the Lowcountry and the Upcountry following the American Revolution. Both now relied on the use of slave labor

14. What position did the Upcountry take concerning ratification of the U.S. Constitution? Lowcountry? Upcountry: Anti-Federalists Lowcountry: Federalists

15. List and Describe the 7 basic principles of the government under the US Constitution. Popular Sovereignty The authority for government flows from the people Individual Rights Unalienable rights are guaranteed to all citizens in the Preamble and the Bill of Rights Federalism The federal system divides governmental powers between national government and the government of the states Separation of Powers Structure of National Government established 3 separate branches Checks and Balances Each branch can check the power of the other Limited Government Powers of the Government are restricted by the Constitution Representative Democracy The Constitution recognizes that the authority of the government derives from “We the People” Voters hold the power to elect representatives to exercise power for them State Government Most state governments mirror the organization of the national government

16. What is nationalism? Surge of pride in one’s country

17. Explain what happened to nationalism in the US following the War of 1812. It increased

18. What were the three main causes of the War of 1812? Impressment Calhoun elected to Congress British encouraged Native Americans to attack the US

19. What was John C. Calhoun’s role in starting the War of 1812 19. What was John C. Calhoun’s role in starting the War of 1812? What term was used to describe him? He was a War Hawk

20. What happened to the Federalist Party following the War of 1812? It was no longer in existence

21. What was the XYZ Affair? When France insulted/tried to bribe American ambassadors

22. What South Carolinian is most closely associated with the XYZ Affair? Charles Cotesworth Pinckney

23. What was the alien and sedition act 23. What was the alien and sedition act? What political party created the act? Why? The act limits what you can say about the government and allows the President the right to expel foreign citizens who were believed to be involved in any plots against the government Democratic-Republicans

24. List the 4 main parts of Hamilton’s plan for the US following the ratification of the US Constitution? Federal Gov’t would pay the nation’s war debt The US should pay back the states’ war debt Create a national bank A high protective tariff

25. What did Hamilton’s economic plan hope to create for the US? To strengthen the national government

26. What was the purpose of the National Bank? To issue bank notes and collect taxes

-Elected by the Lower House 27. Draw a chart showing SC’s first constitution following the American Revolution President - Can veto laws -Elected by the legislatures Lower House -Elected by the people Upper House -Elected by the Lower House

You should have this handout in your notebook! Issue Hamilton’s View Jefferson’s View Strength of Government Creation of a National Bank Protective Tariff Excise Tax Support for the French Revolution War between Britain and France Interpreting the Constitution Resulting Political Parties